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目的在阿克陶县境内进行流行病学调查,了解棘球蚴病的流行程度和特点,为防治工作提供依据。方法在阿克陶县农业区和牧业区抽取3个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取4个村,共24个村作为调查点,进行全人群棘球蚴病、6~12岁学生血清棘球蚴病抗体、家畜棘球蚴和犬棘球绦虫感染的调查。采用B超常规腹部扫描检查棘球蚴感染;用ELISA方法检测6~12岁学生血清棘球蚴病IgG抗体和犬粪样中棘球绦虫抗体;对屠宰家畜的肝、肺、肾、脾、心和腹膜等脏器进行触摸和肉眼观察检查棘球蚴。结果农业区和牧业区共检查6113人,其中仅在牧业区喀尔克其克乡查出棘球蚴病患者1人,占0.02%(1/6 113),患病率为0.49/10万(1/20.23万)。农业区与牧业区6~12岁学生血清抗体阳性率为2.70%(49/1813);农业区阳性率(3.20%,28/875)与牧业区阳性率(2.24%,21/938)差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.54,P>0.05)。其中,男性占38.78%(19/49),阳性率为1.74%(19/1093),女性占61.22%(30/49),阳性率为4.17%(30/720);阳性率女性高于男性(χ~2=9.73,P<0.05);农业区男性阳性率(2.20%,11/500)与女性阳性率(4.53%,17/375)差异无统计学意义(χ~2=3.76,P>0.05);牧业区男性阳性率1.35%(8/593)低于女性阳性率3.77%(13/345)(χ~2=5.83,P<0.05);6~12岁年龄组间阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.20~2.20,P>0.05)。羊棘球蚴囊携带率为5.25%(49/933),牛棘球蚴囊携带率为1.29%(4/311)。家犬粪抗原阳性率为0.46%(9/1967),农业区和牧业区间阳性率无统计学意义差异(χ~2=0.01,P>0.05)。结论阿克陶县棘球蚴病患者以青壮年为主,农业区和牧业区6~12岁学生血清抗体阳性率和犬粪抗原阳性率两地间无差异,农业区女性感染率较高。应加强家犬管理,提高人群防病意识,有效降低人群感染率。
Objective To carry out epidemiological investigation in Aktau County to understand the prevalence and characteristics of hydatid disease and provide basis for prevention and treatment. Methods Three townships (towns) were selected from agricultural and pastoral areas in Aktau County. Four villages were selected from each township (town), with a total of 24 villages as survey sites. Echinococcosis, 6-12 Investigation of Serum Antigen Echinococcosis of Elderly Students, Echinococcus and Echinococcus Infectio. Echinococcus granulosus was detected by ultrasonography of B-belly. IgG of serum echinococcosis and canine echinococcosis were detected by ELISA in 6-12-year-old students. Heart and peritoneal viscera and other organs to be touched and macroscopic examination of echinococcosis. Results A total of 6113 people were surveyed in the agricultural and pastoral areas, of which 1 was diagnosed with echinococcosis (0.02% (1/6) 113) in the herd of Kakhek, and the prevalence was 0.49 / 100,000 (1 / 202,300). The positive rates of seroprevalence in agricultural areas and pastoral areas were 2.70% (49/1813), the positive rates in agricultural areas (3.20%, 28/875) and the positive rates in pastoral areas (2.24% and 21/938) The difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 1.54, P> 0.05). Among them, 38.78% (19/49) were male, the positive rate was 1.74% (19/1093), the female was 61.22% (30/49), the positive rate was 4.17% (30/720) (χ ~ 2 = 9.73, P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the positive rate of male in males (2.20%, 11/500) and the positive rate of females (4.53%, 17/375) > 0.05). The positive rate of males in animal husbandry was 1.35% (8/593) less than the positive rate of females (3.73%) (χ ~ 2 = 5.83, P <0.05) The difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 0.20 ~ 2.20, P> 0.05). Echinococcosis bag carrying rate was 5.25% (49/933), Echinococcosis bag carrying rate was 1.29% (4/311). The positive rate of dog fecal antigen was 0.46% (9/1967). There was no significant difference between the positive rates of the agricultural areas and the pastoral areas (χ ~ 2 = 0.01, P> 0.05). Conclusion The patients with Echinococcosis in Aqiu County are mainly young and middle-aged. There is no difference between the positive rate of serum antibody and the positive rate of canine antigen in 6 ~ 12-year-old students in agricultural and pastoral areas, and the prevalence of female infection in agricultural areas is high . Family dog management should be strengthened to raise awareness of disease prevention among the population and effectively reduce population infection rate.