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“句子结构准确”是高考写作评分的重要标准之一。因此，我们要在写作中取得优异成绩，写好正确的英语句子是前提。本文主要是引导同学们掌握好英语简单句中的五个基本句型，当然，在训练过程中也含有较多的复合句，此时我们关注的是主句和从句各自结构的完整性。
句型一：主语 不及物动词（谓）
[说明]不及物动词就是后面不能直接跟宾语的动词。常见的不及物动词有appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise, laugh, smile, live, study, arrive, cry, 1isten, walk等。如果需要跟宾语，其后需要加上一个适当的介词。
[运用]用英语表达以下各句。
1. 岁月如梭。/ 光阴似箭。
2. 为了构建和谐社会，每个人应该互相友好相处。
3. 年轻人都梦想者成功和胜利。
4. 大部分的吸烟者会死于肺癌。
5. 这个地区吸烟者的数量正以每年一万人的速度增长。
6. 自从改革开放政策实施以来，中国沿海地区发生了巨大的变化。
7. 在中国，每天消费的近30亿个塑料袋造成了严重的资源浪费和环境污染。
句型二：主语 系动词 表语
[说明]系动词除了be外，还有表示“……起来”的feel(感觉，摸起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), look(看起来), appear(好像，显得), seem(好像，似乎)等；表“转变，变化”的become, get, grow, turn, go等；表示“保持，延续”的remain, keep, stay等。
在系动词之后，可以跟形容词、介词短语、名词等作表语。如：
The cake smells good. 这蛋糕闻起来很香。
It looks like a cat. 它看起来像一只猫。
The man is in the middle. 这个人在中间。
[运用]用英语表达以下各句。
1. 正如大部分人所见，我们城市的生活环境越来越差。
2. 我很荣幸被邀请在会议上发言。
3. 万事开头难。
4. 他似乎对这个话题一点都不感兴趣。
5. 行动是通往知识的唯一道路。
6. 奥运村是一个充满各种异国风情的地方。
7. 明天谁会出席婚礼仍然未知。
8. 秋天叶子变黄了。
句型三：主语 及物动词（谓） 宾语
[说明]及物动词就是后面必须跟宾语，意思才完整的动词。作宾语的可以是名词、代词、宾语从句、不定式或V-ing等。
跟不定式作宾语的动词有attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, want, wish等。
跟V-ing作宾语的动词有admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can’t help, look forward to等。
[运用] 用英语表达以下各句。
1. 从他的所作所为，我们学习到：只要我们勇敢地面对困难，肯定会战胜它们的。
2. 我们不得不取消几天前定下的约会。
3. 不断上升的城市人口造成了许多问题，譬如交通阻塞、住房问题、失业、环境破坏等等。
4. 不要以貌取人。
5. 国家计划把更多的大学毕业生输送到有需要的地方去。
6. 随着社会的发展，英语作为国际语言在沟通上发挥着越来越重要的作用。
7. 没有人想被困难打败。
8. 每次听到这些话，她总会忍不住感动流泪。
句型四：主语 及物动词(谓） 间接宾语 直接宾语
[说明]本句型的谓语动词所发出的动作有两个对象，一个为“人或动物等”，称为间接宾语；另一个为“物或事”，称为直接宾语。
本句型也可以把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前，此时应加上介词to或for。如：
He sent me a book.→He sent a book to me.他送了一本书给我。
He bought me a coat.→He bought a coat for me.他给我买了一本书。
间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有bring, deny, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏），save, sing, spare等。
[运用]用英语表达以下各句。
1. 分类之后，请把这些废报纸、空瓶子送到回收站。
2. 出门前，告知父母你的去向。
3. 父亲死后留给他一大笔债。
4. 你能抽出10分钟给我做个访问吗？
5. 这位年轻护士给孩子们讲了一个简单但却感人的故事。
6. 这次意料之外的自然灾害给受影响的人们带了变化。
7. 为了不宠坏小孩，父母不要无论孩子想要什么都给他们。
8. 祝你好运！
9. 我可以答应送你一台新车，只要你成功通过驾驶考试。
句型五：主语 及物动词（谓） 宾语 宾补
[说明]此句型的宾补可以为形容词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、名词等。如：
We all consider the man honest and diligent.我们都认为这个人诚实且勤奋。
No one will allow you to tell a lie.没有人让你说谎。
[运用]用英语表达以下各句。
1. 早睡早起会使人健康、富有和聪明。
2. 老师经常鼓励我们珍惜时间，把握每次机会。
3. 当地震来的时候，办公室的人感到地板在震动。
4. 相处一段时间之后，我发现他很幽默。
5. 明天官员们将要讨论这个问题。
6. 他这样做，让别人误会了。
7. 互联网不但给我们带来了便利，而且使我们的生活更加多姿多彩。
8. 如果有需要的话，你可以让空调一直开着。
参考译文
句型一：
1. Time flies.
2. In order to build a harmonious society, every one should get along well with each other.
3. Young people dream of/about success and victory.
4. Most smokers will die of lung cancer.
5. The number of smokers in this area is increasing at the speed of 10,000 people each year.
6. Since the implement of the Reform and Open Policy, great changes have taken place in the coastal areas of China.
7. In China, about 3 billion plastic bags used/consumed every day results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution.
句型二：
1. As most people can see, the living condition of our city is getting worse and worse.
2. I felt honored to be invited to speak in the meeting.
3. All things are difficult before they are easy.
4. He seemed uninterested in this topic.
5. Activity is the only road to knowledge.
6. Olympic Village is a place full of various foreign cultures.
7. Who will be present at the wedding ceremony tomorrow remains unknown.
8. Leaves turn yellow in autumn.
句型三：
1. From what he has done, we learn that as long as we face the difficulties bravely, we’re sure to overcome them.
2. We have to cancel the appointment we made the other day.
3. The growing population of the city causes many problems, such as traffic jams, housing problems, unemployment, environmental destruction and so on.
4. Never judge a person only by his appearance.
5. The country plans to send more graduates to the places in need.
6. As the society develops, English as the international language is playing a more and more important role in communication.
7. No one wants to be defeated by difficulties.
8. Every time she hears these words, she can’t help being moved to tears.
句型四：
1. Please send these old newspapers and empty bottles to the recycling centre after sorting them out.
2. Tell your parents where you’re going before leaving home.
3. His father left him a heavy debt after his death.
4. Can you spare me ten minutes for an interview?
5. The young nurse told the children a simple but moving story.
6. This unexpected natural disaster brought changes to the people affected.
7. In order not to spoil children, parents shouldn’t give them whatever they want.
8. Wish you good luck!
9. I can promise you a new car on condition that/ as long as you succeed in passing the driving test.
句型五：
1. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
2. Teachers often encourage us to value time and seize every chance.
3. When the earthquake came, those in the office felt the floor shaking.
4. Having got along with him for some time, I found him very humorous.
5. The officials will have the problems discussed tomorrow.
6. He made himself misunderstood by doing so.
7. The Internet not only brings us convenience, but also makes our life more colorful.
8. You can leave the air conditioner working if it’s necessary.
(作者单位：广州市第89中学)
责任编校 蒋小青
句型一：主语 不及物动词（谓）
[说明]不及物动词就是后面不能直接跟宾语的动词。常见的不及物动词有appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise, laugh, smile, live, study, arrive, cry, 1isten, walk等。如果需要跟宾语，其后需要加上一个适当的介词。
[运用]用英语表达以下各句。
1. 岁月如梭。/ 光阴似箭。
2. 为了构建和谐社会，每个人应该互相友好相处。
3. 年轻人都梦想者成功和胜利。
4. 大部分的吸烟者会死于肺癌。
5. 这个地区吸烟者的数量正以每年一万人的速度增长。
6. 自从改革开放政策实施以来，中国沿海地区发生了巨大的变化。
7. 在中国，每天消费的近30亿个塑料袋造成了严重的资源浪费和环境污染。
句型二：主语 系动词 表语
[说明]系动词除了be外，还有表示“……起来”的feel(感觉，摸起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), look(看起来), appear(好像，显得), seem(好像，似乎)等；表“转变，变化”的become, get, grow, turn, go等；表示“保持，延续”的remain, keep, stay等。
在系动词之后，可以跟形容词、介词短语、名词等作表语。如：
The cake smells good. 这蛋糕闻起来很香。
It looks like a cat. 它看起来像一只猫。
The man is in the middle. 这个人在中间。
[运用]用英语表达以下各句。
1. 正如大部分人所见，我们城市的生活环境越来越差。
2. 我很荣幸被邀请在会议上发言。
3. 万事开头难。
4. 他似乎对这个话题一点都不感兴趣。
5. 行动是通往知识的唯一道路。
6. 奥运村是一个充满各种异国风情的地方。
7. 明天谁会出席婚礼仍然未知。
8. 秋天叶子变黄了。
句型三：主语 及物动词（谓） 宾语
[说明]及物动词就是后面必须跟宾语，意思才完整的动词。作宾语的可以是名词、代词、宾语从句、不定式或V-ing等。
跟不定式作宾语的动词有attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, want, wish等。
跟V-ing作宾语的动词有admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can’t help, look forward to等。
[运用] 用英语表达以下各句。
1. 从他的所作所为，我们学习到：只要我们勇敢地面对困难，肯定会战胜它们的。
2. 我们不得不取消几天前定下的约会。
3. 不断上升的城市人口造成了许多问题，譬如交通阻塞、住房问题、失业、环境破坏等等。
4. 不要以貌取人。
5. 国家计划把更多的大学毕业生输送到有需要的地方去。
6. 随着社会的发展，英语作为国际语言在沟通上发挥着越来越重要的作用。
7. 没有人想被困难打败。
8. 每次听到这些话，她总会忍不住感动流泪。
句型四：主语 及物动词(谓） 间接宾语 直接宾语
[说明]本句型的谓语动词所发出的动作有两个对象，一个为“人或动物等”，称为间接宾语；另一个为“物或事”，称为直接宾语。
本句型也可以把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前，此时应加上介词to或for。如：
He sent me a book.→He sent a book to me.他送了一本书给我。
He bought me a coat.→He bought a coat for me.他给我买了一本书。
间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有bring, deny, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏），save, sing, spare等。
[运用]用英语表达以下各句。
1. 分类之后，请把这些废报纸、空瓶子送到回收站。
2. 出门前，告知父母你的去向。
3. 父亲死后留给他一大笔债。
4. 你能抽出10分钟给我做个访问吗？
5. 这位年轻护士给孩子们讲了一个简单但却感人的故事。
6. 这次意料之外的自然灾害给受影响的人们带了变化。
7. 为了不宠坏小孩，父母不要无论孩子想要什么都给他们。
8. 祝你好运！
9. 我可以答应送你一台新车，只要你成功通过驾驶考试。
句型五：主语 及物动词（谓） 宾语 宾补
[说明]此句型的宾补可以为形容词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、名词等。如：
We all consider the man honest and diligent.我们都认为这个人诚实且勤奋。
No one will allow you to tell a lie.没有人让你说谎。
[运用]用英语表达以下各句。
1. 早睡早起会使人健康、富有和聪明。
2. 老师经常鼓励我们珍惜时间，把握每次机会。
3. 当地震来的时候，办公室的人感到地板在震动。
4. 相处一段时间之后，我发现他很幽默。
5. 明天官员们将要讨论这个问题。
6. 他这样做，让别人误会了。
7. 互联网不但给我们带来了便利，而且使我们的生活更加多姿多彩。
8. 如果有需要的话，你可以让空调一直开着。
参考译文
句型一：
1. Time flies.
2. In order to build a harmonious society, every one should get along well with each other.
3. Young people dream of/about success and victory.
4. Most smokers will die of lung cancer.
5. The number of smokers in this area is increasing at the speed of 10,000 people each year.
6. Since the implement of the Reform and Open Policy, great changes have taken place in the coastal areas of China.
7. In China, about 3 billion plastic bags used/consumed every day results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution.
句型二：
1. As most people can see, the living condition of our city is getting worse and worse.
2. I felt honored to be invited to speak in the meeting.
3. All things are difficult before they are easy.
4. He seemed uninterested in this topic.
5. Activity is the only road to knowledge.
6. Olympic Village is a place full of various foreign cultures.
7. Who will be present at the wedding ceremony tomorrow remains unknown.
8. Leaves turn yellow in autumn.
句型三：
1. From what he has done, we learn that as long as we face the difficulties bravely, we’re sure to overcome them.
2. We have to cancel the appointment we made the other day.
3. The growing population of the city causes many problems, such as traffic jams, housing problems, unemployment, environmental destruction and so on.
4. Never judge a person only by his appearance.
5. The country plans to send more graduates to the places in need.
6. As the society develops, English as the international language is playing a more and more important role in communication.
7. No one wants to be defeated by difficulties.
8. Every time she hears these words, she can’t help being moved to tears.
句型四：
1. Please send these old newspapers and empty bottles to the recycling centre after sorting them out.
2. Tell your parents where you’re going before leaving home.
3. His father left him a heavy debt after his death.
4. Can you spare me ten minutes for an interview?
5. The young nurse told the children a simple but moving story.
6. This unexpected natural disaster brought changes to the people affected.
7. In order not to spoil children, parents shouldn’t give them whatever they want.
8. Wish you good luck!
9. I can promise you a new car on condition that/ as long as you succeed in passing the driving test.
句型五：
1. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
2. Teachers often encourage us to value time and seize every chance.
3. When the earthquake came, those in the office felt the floor shaking.
4. Having got along with him for some time, I found him very humorous.
5. The officials will have the problems discussed tomorrow.
6. He made himself misunderstood by doing so.
7. The Internet not only brings us convenience, but also makes our life more colorful.
8. You can leave the air conditioner working if it’s necessary.
(作者单位：广州市第89中学)
责任编校 蒋小青