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利用推广的惠更斯—菲涅尔(Huygens—Fresnel)原理,对于具有任意发光分布的扩展目标,推导出象面照度分布的一个显表达式。给出了物体光的衰减、背景发光以及大气湍流同时作用的综合效果。对这些效果作了定量的比较,且给出了它们对分辨率的总降低的贡献。特别是,对于组合大气—光学系统的点扩散函数推导出一个定量的表达式。对于大气—光学系统调制传递函数(MTF)和象面调制给出了显表达式,对于在各种观察条件下向上和向下沿着大气路径成象,都提供了象面调制的数值结果。
Using the generalized Huygens-Fresnel principle, an explicit expression of the illuminance distribution of the image surface is derived for an extended target with arbitrary light distribution. The combined effects of attenuation of the object light, background emission and atmospheric turbulence are given. A quantitative comparison of these effects is given, and their contribution to the overall reduction in resolution is given. In particular, a quantitative expression is derived for the point spread function of the combined atmospheric-optical system. The explicit expressions for the MTF and the image plane modulation of the atmosphere-optical system provide numerical results of the image plane modulation for imaging up and down the atmospheric path under various observation conditions.