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目的探讨职业紧张对城市职业人群颈、肩、腰痛症状的影响。方法采用横断面研究方法,在2012年1—7月调查上海城区7种职业2 458名20~63岁职员。采用中文北欧肌肉骨骼问卷调查颈、肩、腰部症状,职业紧张评估采用中文版工作内容问卷(JDC)和工作付出-回报(ERI)问卷,同时调查社会人口和工作特征因素,采用多因素非条件logistic回归方法分析职业紧张对颈、肩、腰症状的影响。结果控制潜在混杂因素后,职业紧张可能是颈、肩、腰部症状的危险因素,OR值分别为1.44、1.27和1.60。工作付出-回报不平衡同样也是颈、肩、腰部症状的危险因素,OR值分别为1.31、1.34和1.33;工作满足度低则可能是肩、腰部症状患病的危险因素,OR值分别为1.33、1.32;抑郁能预测腰痛症状,OR值为1.37。结论职业紧张可能对城市职业人群颈、肩、腰部的患病产生一定的影响。
Objective To investigate the effect of occupational stress on the symptoms of neck, shoulder and back pain in urban occupational population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate 2 458 employees aged 20 to 63 in seven occupations in Shanghai city from January to July in 2012. To investigate the neck, shoulder and waist symptoms and occupational stress in the Chinese Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire using the Chinese version of the Job Content Questionnaire (JDC) and the Work Payout - Return (ERI) Questionnaire, and to investigate the social demographic and work characteristics of the factors and to adopt the multivariate non-condition Logistic regression analysis of occupational stress on the neck, shoulder and waist symptoms. Results After controlling for potential confounders, occupational stress may be a risk factor for neck, shoulder and waist symptoms with OR values of 1.44, 1.27 and 1.60, respectively. Work pay-return imbalance is also a risk factor for neck, shoulder and waist symptoms, OR values were 1.31,1.34 and 1.33 respectively; low job satisfaction may be the risk factors for shoulder and waist symptoms, OR values were 1.33 , 1.32; depression can predict the symptoms of low back pain, OR was 1.37. Conclusion Occupational stress may have an impact on the prevalence of neck, shoulder and waist in urban occupational groups.