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从美国当代文艺学家艾布拉姆斯在《镜与灯———浪漫主义文论及批评传统》一书中提出的文学四要素的理论来看,社会、作家、作品、读者构筑了文学活动的四大支柱。从社会、作家、作品、读者的角度来看,文学在电子时代呈现出依存环境的开放性、权威的消解、载体的多样化、读者整体水平提升等新的特点。在新的时代表现出来的这些新的特点,正是其得以发展的生命之源。面对未来,文学将会遇到更大的挑战,但是文学自身的特点及属性决定了其存在的价值以及终将实现其应有地位的回归。
From the theory of the four elements of literature put forward by American contemporary literary artist Abrams in “Mirror and Light --- Romanticism Literary Criticism and Criticism Tradition”, the society, the writers, the works and the readers construct the literature Four pillars of activity. From the perspectives of society, writers, works and readers, literature shows new characteristics such as the openness of interdependent environment, the digestion of authority, the diversification of carriers and the improvement of readership in the electronic age. These new features, manifested in the new era, are precisely the source of life for which they have developed. In the future, literature will encounter greater challenges, but the characteristics and attributes of literature itself determine the value of its existence and will eventually return to its due status.