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缺苗断垅是小麦增产的重要问题之一。这种现象在华北各省,包括山东、河南在内,特别是山西,河北两省,极其普遍而严重,旱地此水地尤为严重。当然陕苗断垅不单是地下害虫问题,如种籽之良好与否,整地保墒,播种技术等等也是其中原因之一。但是因为地下害虫为害而引致缺苗的现象是非常严重的,这不是个别情况而是很普遍的现象。今年我们农村工作组,在河北和山西两省,长期调查小麦生产工作。在这些代表性村庄里,大都发现严重地下害虫为害,例如山西洪洞县左家沟。这个村子,就有300多亩麦地,被金针虫严重为害,已经三年没有收成。运城、安邑许多麦苗被金针虫咬坏,严重的竟达80%以上。夏县金针虫和蝼蛄为害的现象,更是普遍,姚村有被蝼蛄为害而缺苗达50%者。在河北省这些例子也很多。石家庄区,定县安国一带,蝼蛄为害也是相当普遍而严重。在山东省各地金针虫蝼蛄的为害也很严重。就今年以平阴一县来说就有几万亩被害,其中有许多麦地因秋苗保不住而致翻去,长清县新屯村,受金针虫为害的麦地就占全面积90%,而为害严重的占40%,最轻的亦在20%。这些例子多得很,所举的不过是一些此较典型的例子而已。
Lack of seedlings is one of the important problems of wheat yield increase. This phenomenon is extremely common and serious in all provinces of North China, including Shandong and Henan, especially in Shanxi and Hebei provinces. The situation in this dry land is especially serious. Of course, Shanmiao broken 垅 is not only the problem of underground pests, such as the seed is good or not, preparation of soil moisture, sowing technology is one of the reasons. However, the phenomenon of lack of seedlings caused by the damage caused by underground pests is very serious. This is not a case of a few but a very common phenomenon. This year our rural working group has conducted long-term surveys of wheat production in Hebei and Shanxi provinces. In these representative villages, most of them were found to have been seriously damaged by pests such as Zuojiagou in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province. This village, there are 300 acres of corn, severely damaged by the golden worm, has not been harvested for three years. Yuncheng, Anyi many wheat seedlings were bitten by golden needle insects, as serious as 80% or more. The phenomenon of harmful effects of pinworm and shy ragweed in Xiaxian County is even more common. Yaocun has been damaged by shrimp and has no seedlings up to 50%. In Hebei Province, these examples are many. Shijiazhuang District, Dingxian County area, 蝼 蛄 damage is quite common and serious. In Shandong Province around the insect gizzard damage is also very serious. In this year, Pingyin County, there are tens of thousands of acres of victims, of which many are due to autumn seedling can not afford to turn over, Changchun County, Xintun Village, by the golden worm harm of wheat accounted for a full area of 90% , While the serious damage accounted for 40%, the lightest is also 20%. These are many examples, but they are just some of the more typical examples.