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海原县位于宁夏回族自治区南部山区。曾有人间鼠疫发生,1962年发病4人均死亡。1963年从阿拉善黄鼠及其寄生蚤分离出鼠疫杆菌,1964、1965、1967、1975～1978年均检出鼠疫菌共127株,判定疫点52处,面积20万hm~2。历年检出菌多、疫点密集,认为是甘宁黄土高原阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫自然疫源地的中心地带。阿拉善黄鼠是主要宿主,方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种为主要媒介。1979～1990年连续监测,虽间有IHA阳性出现,但始终未分离到鼠疫菌,1991年6月从红羊乡舒家川地区黄鼠体内检出4株鼠疫菌。
Haiyuan County is located in the southern mountains of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. There have been plague occurred in 1962, the average death rate of 4 people. Yersinia pestis was isolated from the albino rat and its parasitic fleas in 1963. A total of 127 Y. pestis strains were detected in 1964, 1965, 1967 and 1975-1978. Of 52 epidemic spots, the area was 200 000 hm -2. Over the years detected more bacteria, epidemic-intensive, that is the plains in Gansu Loess Plateau Alashan plague natural foci center. Alaskan shrimp is the main host, square rat shrimp Mongolian subspecies as the main medium. From 1979 to 1990, 4 Yersinia pestis strains were detected continuously in June 1991 from shrimp in Shujiachuan, Hongyang Township. Although IHA positive occurred among them, Yersinia pestis was not isolated.