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纳米复合材料的腐蚀、腐蚀磨损以及干摩擦磨损行为非常复杂,受化学、物理和机械等多方面因素影响。采用机械球磨、冷压和热挤压技术制备Al/SiC纳米复合材料,研究纳米SiC含量对材料硬度、干滑动磨损、腐蚀和腐蚀磨损行为的影响。采用电化学极化测试研究了复合材料在3%NaCl溶液中的抗腐蚀性能。采用盘-销装置研究了复合材料的干滑动磨损和在3%NaCl溶液中腐蚀磨损性能。利用扫描电子显微镜研究了材料及磨损表面的显微组织。结果表明,随着SiC含量的增加,纳米复合材料的干滑动摩擦和抗腐蚀性能均得到提高。由于溶液的润滑作用,使材料软化的摩擦因数和摩擦生热均降低。与基体合金相比,纳米复合材料的强度和抗腐蚀性能提高,因此其抗腐蚀磨损性能也提高。对于未增强的基体合金,其磨损机理为黏着磨损,而对于Al/SiC纳米复合材料,磨损机理转变为磨粒磨损。
The corrosion, corrosion and dry friction and wear behaviors of nanocomposites are very complex and are affected by many factors such as chemical, physical and mechanical factors. Al / SiC nanocomposites were prepared by mechanical ball milling, cold pressing and hot extrusion. The effects of nano-SiC content on the hardness, dry sliding wear, corrosion and corrosion wear behavior were studied. The electrochemical polarization test was used to study the corrosion resistance of composites in 3% NaCl solution. The dry sliding wear of the composites and the corrosion and wear properties of the composites in 3% NaCl solution were investigated by a disk-pin device. The microstructure of the material and wear surface was investigated using a scanning electron microscope. The results show that with the increase of SiC content, the dry sliding friction and corrosion resistance of nanocomposites are improved. Due to the lubricating effect of the solution, the friction coefficient and the frictional heat generation of the material softening are reduced. The strength and corrosion resistance of the nanocomposites are increased compared to the matrix alloy, so their corrosion and wear resistance is also improved. For the unreinforced matrix alloy, the wear mechanism is adhesive wear, whereas for Al / SiC nanocomposites, the wear mechanism shifts to abrasive wear.