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选用152个SSR引物扩增11个粳稻细胞质雄性不育系和9个粳稻恢复系的分子标记基因型,并按NCⅡ遗传设计配制99个F1组合,检测20个亲本中有关糙米率、精米率、整精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度、碱消值、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量8个米质性状的一般配合力的分子标记区段。结果发现27个分子标记区段与亲本8个米质性状一般配合力显著相关,共包含49个分子标记区段基因型。其中,31个SSR分子标记区段基因型与亲本8个米质性状优异一般配合力显著相关,涉及14条染色体臂;18个SSR分子标记区段与亲本8个米质性状不良一般配合力显著相关。49个分子标记区段基因型中,有2个分子标记区段基因型与亲本4个米质性状一般配合力共相关;2个分子标记区段基因型分别与亲本3个米质性状一般配合力共相关,8个分子标记区段基因型分别与亲本2个米质性状一般配合力共相关。第7染色体长臂上的分子标记区段基因型RM542-80/105与碱消值相关,增效37.0%;第1染色体短臂上的分子标记区段基因型RM246-95/105与直链淀粉含量有关,减效23.8%;第8染色体长臂上的分子标记区段基因型RM3754-80/90可使F1糙米率、精米率、整精米率和碱消值分别增加1.1%、2.0%、2.4%和43.6%。这些分子标记区段基因型可直接用于改良杂交粳稻亲本米质性状一般配合力。
152 SSR primers were used to amplify the molecular marker genotypes of 11 japonica cytoplasmic male sterile lines and 9 japonica restorer lines. Ninety-one F1 combinations were designed according to NCⅡ genetic design to detect brown rice rate, milled rice rate, Milled rice rate, chalky grain rate, chalkiness, alkali consumption, gel consistency and amylose content of 8 grain quality traits of molecular marker segments. The results showed that 27 molecular marker segments were significantly associated with the general combining ability of 8 grain quality traits of the parents, and contained 49 molecular marker segment genotypes. Among them, 31 SSR molecular marker genotypes were significantly associated with excellent general combining ability of 8 grain quality traits of the parents and involved 14 chromosome arms. The unharmful general combining ability of 18 SSR molecular marker segments and their parents was significant Related. Among the 49 molecular marker genotypes, 2 molecular marker genotypes were correlated with the general combining ability of 4 grain quality traits. The genotypes of 2 molecular marker genotypes were generally matched with those of 3 parents The total genotypes of eight molecular marker segments were correlated with the general combining ability of two grain quality traits. The marker genotype RM542-80 / 105 on the long arm of chromosome 7 was correlated with base elimination value, with a gain of 37.0%. The molecular marker segment genotype RM246-95 / 105 on the short arm of chromosome 1 was positively correlated with straight chain Starch content, with a reduction of 23.8%. The marker genotype RM3754-80 / 90 on the long arm of chromosome 8 increased the percentage of F1 brown rice, milled rice, milled rice and alkali consumption by 1.1% and 2.0% , 2.4% and 43.6% respectively. These molecular marker segment genotypes can be directly used to improve the general combining ability of rice quality traits in japonica hybrids.