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我国湿地保护的刑事立法非常缺乏,更没有专门单独立法,但湿地保护刑事立法意义重大,并存在宪法、刑法和生态等方面的依据。为此,可从确立预防性原则、适度性原则、明确性原则和前瞻性原则入手,建立“保护性利用”立法理念,注重以行政责任和刑事责任为主的公法方面的法律责任,对破坏湿地环境的犯罪应以“危险犯”为基本犯罪形态,增设故意提供虚假湿地环境影响评价报告书罪,完善湿地资源开发许可证和湿地保护司法救济制度等,予以完善。
The criminal legislation of wetland protection in our country is very scarce and there is no separate legislation. However, the criminal legislation of wetland protection is of great significance, and the basis of constitution, criminal law and ecology exists. To this end, we can start with establishing the precautionary principle, the moderation principle, the clarity principle and the forward-looking principle, establish the legislative concept of “protective utilization”, pay attention to the legal responsibility of the public law based on the administrative responsibility and criminal responsibility, The crime of damaging the wetland environment should be perpetrated with “dangerous criminals ” as the basic criminal form, adding guilty of deliberately providing false wetland environmental impact assessment reports, perfecting the wetland resources development permit and wetland protection judicial relief system, and so on.