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目的为了解苍溪县境内嗜群血蜱的发生、分布特点及对人、畜、禽的危害程度,找出安全高效的毒杀药物,制定有效的防治措施。方法对苍溪县的34个乡镇采取询问、现场查看及回顾调查等方法调查村民有无嗜群血蜱叮刺史;对牲畜、家禽、野外动物采取攀找捉虫;对森林、山坡的灌木草丛及农植物等,采用拖旗法记录被粘嗜群血蜱数。选1∶1 000氯戊菊酯、1∶2 000毒高氯、1∶1 000氯氰菊酯、1∶400敌敌畏4种常用杀虫剂分组进行药物毒杀试验,分别记录20只嗜群血蜱全部死亡时间。结果共调查4 741人,有叮刺史2 552人,叮刺率53.83%;男性叮刺率为41.20%(801/1 943),女性叮刺率为62.60%(1 751/2 798),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同职业人群、不同年龄组人群的叮刺率差异都有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。野外拖旗2 400 m,平均每米粘嗜群血蜱数2.81只;调查动物923只,有感染血蜱的331只,感染率35.40%;氯氰菊酯、氯戊菊酯对畜、禽、畜棚、禽舍、菜地、农作物、果园、住宅四周毒杀嗜群血蜱安全有效;山坡、森林、灌木丛用1∶300~1∶400倍兑水浓度敌敌畏毒杀效果最佳。结论嗜群血蜱已遍布苍溪全县乡村,并向周边地区蔓延,危害了村民健康和影响了生产劳作。
Objective To find out the occurrence and distribution characteristics of Hemiptera, ticks and fowls in Cangxi County, and to find the safe and effective poison killing drugs and to formulate effective prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 34 villages and towns in Cangxi county were surveyed and investigated retrospectively to investigate whether the villagers had the history of stinging bloodthirsty ticks or not. The animals, poultry and wild animals were taken to catch insects and insects, and the forest and hillside shrubs And agricultural plants, etc., by dragging flag method was recorded sticky blood group number of ticks. Four common insecticides were selected for 1: 1000 scoparium, 1: 2000 poisonous high chloride, 1: 1: 000 cypermethrin, 1: 400 dichlorvos for drug toxicity test. Death time. Results A total of 4 741 people were investigated, including 2 552 stings and a sting rate of 53.83%. The rate of stinging was 41.20% (801/1 943) in men and 62.60% (1 751/2 798) in women, respectively There was statistical significance (P <0.01). There were significant differences in the numbers of bites among different occupational groups and different age groups (all P <0.01). The number of wild dragged flats was 2,400 m, with an average of 2.81 in each group. The number of animals in the survey was 923, of which 331 were infected with blood-borne ticks, with an infection rate of 35.40%. Cypermethrin and fenvalerate , Poultry houses, vegetable fields, crops, orchards, housing toxic and toxic swamp ticks around the safe and effective; hillsides, forests, shrubs with 1: 300 ~ 1: 400 times the concentration of water against dichlorvos poisoning best. Conclusion Hemiplegia has spread throughout the county Cangxi villages and spread to the surrounding areas, endangering the health of villagers and affect the production of labor.