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作为当代西方重要史学流派之一,以卡洛.金斯伯格、勒华.拉杜里、纳塔莉.戴维斯为代表的一批富于创新精神的当代历史学家,结合各自独特的文化背景,充分发掘档案史料中蕴含的丰富信息,创作出了多部题材新颖、内容生动的微观史学作品,在世界范围内产生了很大影响。但是,由于在叙述方法上的随意和在选取史料方面的局限,微观史学在可信度方面也受到了广泛的质疑和批评。本文试图通过对《乳酪与蛆虫》对教会档案的使用及其叙事方法和目的的介绍和分析,揭示当代西方微观史学的固有局限。
As one of the most important schools of contemporary western history, a group of contemporary innovative historians, represented by Carlo Ginsburg, Lerouard Laduri and Natalie Davis, The author fully explores the abundant information contained in the historical archives and creates a number of novel and vivid microscopic historical works with great influence on the world. However, due to the randomness of the narrative method and the limitation of the selection of historical materials, micro-historiography has also been widely questioned and criticized in terms of credibility. This paper attempts to reveal the inherent limitations of the contemporary Western micro-history by introducing and analyzing the use of the cheese archives and maggots in the church archives and their narrative methods and purposes.