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淋病奈瑟菌病是最重要的性传播性疾病的病原菌,主要通过性接触直接感染泌尿生殖道、口咽部和肛门直肠黏膜,或在分娩时通过产道时感染新生儿。在男子,淋球菌通常引起带有脓性分泌物和严重排尿困难的急性尿道炎,从感染到发病通常在1～7d间。在妇女,主要感染部位是子宫颈内膜,症状轻微而不易察觉,感染后不加处理,会出现阴道分泌物增多,排尿困难或使感染上行,导致较严重后果,例如终身不孕。
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the most important pathogen of sexually transmitted diseases, directly infects the genitourinary tract, oropharynx and anorectal mucosa through sexual contact, or infects newborns through the birth canal during labor. In men, Neisseria gonorrhoeae usually cause acute urethritis with purulent secretions and severe dysuria, usually from 1 to 7 days from infection. In women, the main site of infection is the endocervix. The symptoms are mild and imperceptible. After infection, untreated, there may be increased vaginal discharge, dysuria, or ascending the infection, resulting in more serious consequences such as life-long infertility.