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根据文言语法关系的定位分析,动词和形容词一般不能作主语、宾语以及定语的中心词。如果把动词、形容词用作主语、宾语或定语的中心词,那么这种动词或形容词,就不再表示某种动作行为或某种性质特征,而是表示那种动作行为或性质特征的名称;或者表示与那种动作行为或性质特征有关的人或事物。这时这种动词或形容词,在意义上已有了实体的概念,在词性上也就活用作名词了。动词活用为名词,其具体规律有以下五条: 1.如果把一个动词作为动作的名称来使用,那么该动词就活用为名词。如: 夫大国难测也,惧有伏焉。(《曹刿论战》)(动词“伏”因在句中作为动作的名称来使用,又
According to the analysis of the localization of grammatical relations in classical Chinese, verbs and adjectives generally can not be the central word of subject, object and attribute. If verbs or adjectives are used as the central word of subjects, objects or attributives, such verbs or adjectives no longer represent some kind of action or certain characteristic of nature, but rather the name of the action or character; Or that person or thing related to that kind of action or character. At this time, such verbs or adjectives have the concept of entities in the sense that they are also used as nouns in the part of speech. Verb usage as a noun, the specific rules of the following five: 1. If a verb as the name of the action to use, then the verb to use as a noun. Such as: husband of the unpredictable also, fear of ambush. (“Cao Yong controversy”) (verb “volts” in the sentence as the name of the action to use, and