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全膜双垄沟播玉米是一项高产、抗旱新技术。但是随着大面积推广应用,其顶腐病为害呈逐年上升趋势,已经成为全膜双垄沟播玉米高产的制约因素。本研究依据全膜双垄沟播玉米顶腐病的发生为害现状,开展了全膜双垄沟播玉米顶腐病发生为害与其栽培新技术的相关性试验研究。结果表明,秋覆膜、垄沟点种、提旱播种、连作3年以上、土壤旋耕病株率分别为8.6%、6.9%、7.85%、19.25%、12%。依据掌握的发病规律,在玉米顶腐病发生严重的区域示范推广适地、适时、适墒开展顶凌覆膜,在春季墒情较好的情况下示范推广垄侧点种、残膜过冬与露地过冬间隔3年轮换深翻冬晒等农业综合栽培技术可以预防顶腐病的发生为害。
Full film double furrow sowing corn is a high yield, drought-resistant new technology. However, with the popularization and application of large area, the top rot disease has been increasing year by year and has become the limiting factor for high yield of sowing corn with double-ridge furrows. In this study, based on the situation of occurrence and occurrence of top rot of corn in the double-ridge furrow, a pilot study was conducted on the correlation between the occurrence of top rot of corn in the double-ridge furrow and new cultivation techniques. The results showed that the rate of soil rotary plowing was 8.6%, 6.9%, 7.85%, 19.25% and 12% respectively in autumn with film mulching, furrow planting, planting in dry seeding and continuous cropping for more than three years. According to the rule of occurrence, the demonstration of corn top rot disease in a serious area should be carried out in a timely and appropriate manner, and the top coat should be carried out at a suitable time. When the moisture content is good in spring, 3 years after winter interval rotation deep inversion winter sun and other agricultural cultivation techniques can prevent top rot disease.