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在当今国内外享有盛誉的外语语言测试中，阅读理解都占有相当大的比重（一般都在20%以上）。中考英语作为大规模教育考试的一种，也不例外。因此，了解阅读理解题型的能力指向和命题特点，对顺利完成考试任务、提高阅读理解成绩极其重要。
第一部分 总体特点
综观2010年全省各市中考英语试卷阅读理解试题，我们不难发现，试题设计更加科学、合理，不仅考查语言结构能力，而且考查语言运用能力、策略能力以及社会文化能力。具体有如下特点：
1．选材范围更加广泛，语言素材更加真实、地道，注重社会实际与学生生活实际的联系，更加富有人文性、时代性和教育性。
2．考查重点放在语篇语段的整体理解，表层理解题与深层理解题的比例更趋合理，适度考查考生对英语文章综合分析、判断的能力。
3．考查形式更加丰富，采用客观选择题和完成任务相结合的方式，考查学生阅读信息材料、收集整理直接与间接信息、科学表述信息的能力。
4．试题更加注重考查考生对各种阅读技能的掌握和运用，注重考查考生阅读理解的速度和准确度。
第二部分 试题简析
［例1］（2010南京市）（保留原题号）
People often say that the Englishman’s home is his castle. They mean that the home is very important and personal to him. Most people in Britain live in houses rather than flats，and many people own their homes. This means that they can make them individual（个体的）；they can paint them，and change them in any way they like. Most house have a garden，even if it is a very small one，and the garden is usually loved. The house and the garden are the private（私人的）space of the individual.
People usually like to mark their space. Are you sitting now in your home or on a train？ Have you marked the space around yourself as your？ If you are on the train you may put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you. If you share a flat you may have one corner or chair which is your own.
Once I was travelling on a train to London. I was in a section for four people and there was a table between us. The man on the opposite side to me had his briefcase on the table. There was no space on my side of the table at all. I was angry. Maybe he thought that he owned the whole table. I had read a book about non-verbal communication，so I took various papers out of my bag and put them on his briefcase! When I did this he stiffened and his eyes nearly popped （瞪出） out of his head. I had invaded （侵犯） his space! A few minutes later I took my papers off his case in order to read them. He immediately moved his case to his side of the table. Of course，it is possible that he just wanted to be helpful to me!
If you are visiting another country you may feel that you don’t have any private space. Hotel rooms look much the same in every country in the world. All day long，you share public spaces with other people. You see the local people in their private spaces and you feel lonely and “outside”. Local people can create their private spaces by talking about things you don’t know about. And you even feel that they like you to be outside them so that they will enjoy being inside even more! This is one of the difficulties of being a traveler! But if you understand it then it helps you. Haven’t you enjoyed being part of a group and “owning” a bit of space？
41. The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because.
A. he had no place to sit
B. someone had invaded his “space”
C. too many people shared a section with him
D. some other people talked about things he didn’t know about
42. “... you feel lonely and ‘outside’” in paragraph 4 means that.
A. you are alone outside the house
B. you feel lonely because you travel on your own
C. win the world’s admirationD. prove young people can realize their dreams
36. The toughest times of her journey were.
A. when she had to be calm B. when terrible weather came
C. when she saw high mountains D. when she was very lonely
37. Which of the following can NOT describe Jessica’s sailing around the world ？
A. She was happy to leave her pink yacht.
B. Her sailing was non-stop.
C. She completed her sailing alone.
D. She is the youngest to sail around the world.
本篇阅读文章来源于身边的报刊，内容是关于澳大利亚16岁女生成功完成环球独航一事。选用这样的材料不仅能提高测试的真实性，体现语言的交际原则，还能通过展示英语在现实生活中的真实运用来激发学生外语学习的动机，培养综合性阅读技能。
34.答案为C。 报刊文章的第一段通常是全篇的概括，其他部分是描述性的细节。本题根据首段内容可知，结束时间为May 15，2010，而开始时间在第二段中是October 18，2009，由此可推断出答案为C。
35. 答案为D。 从第二段最后一句可知，Jessica Watson这么做是为了实现自己的梦想。因此答案为D。
36.答案为B。 这是考查细节理解的试题，第三段的首句告诉了我们题目的答案。
37. 答案为A。 本题考查考生把握文章结构以及对具体语境进行判断的能力。在整体理解语篇的前提下，可推断出B、C、D三个选项都描述了她此举的不同寻常，从文章的最后一句也可知A项描述的和她当时的心境不一致，故A项为答案。
第三部分 命题走向
《全日制义务教育普通初级中学英语课程标准（实验稿）》对中考英语阅读理解考试任务的类型和难度作出了较明确的规定:
能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料，如书信、通知、说明等；并能理解和解释图表所提供的简单信息；能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息；能独立阅读生词率不超过3%的题材熟悉的文章，理解语篇大意，获取有关信息，阅读速度为每分钟50～70个词。
新课程下的英语中考阅读理解试题无论是选材还是题目设置都有一定的规律性。2011年中考英语阅读试题将会继续坚持以考查学生综合语言运用能力为目标，通过真实的任务来考查学生综合利用信息解决实际问题的能力。考查内容主要集中在以下几方面：理解文章中的具体信息；根据上下文推测生词的意义；进行简单的判断和推理；理解文章的基本结构；理解主旨和要义；理解作者的意图和态度等。选材除一些通俗易懂的文学作品和故事体裁的语篇外，一些富有鲜明时代特征、实用性强的语言材料也会作为试题的素材，如报刊文章、使用说明书、招贴告示、广告及各类图表等。考查重点放在对语篇语境的整体把握上，力争科学地、全面地考查学生在经过初中阶段学习后所具有的阅读水平。
第一部分 总体特点
综观2010年全省各市中考英语试卷阅读理解试题，我们不难发现，试题设计更加科学、合理，不仅考查语言结构能力，而且考查语言运用能力、策略能力以及社会文化能力。具体有如下特点：
1．选材范围更加广泛，语言素材更加真实、地道，注重社会实际与学生生活实际的联系，更加富有人文性、时代性和教育性。
2．考查重点放在语篇语段的整体理解，表层理解题与深层理解题的比例更趋合理，适度考查考生对英语文章综合分析、判断的能力。
3．考查形式更加丰富，采用客观选择题和完成任务相结合的方式，考查学生阅读信息材料、收集整理直接与间接信息、科学表述信息的能力。
4．试题更加注重考查考生对各种阅读技能的掌握和运用，注重考查考生阅读理解的速度和准确度。
第二部分 试题简析
［例1］（2010南京市）（保留原题号）
People often say that the Englishman’s home is his castle. They mean that the home is very important and personal to him. Most people in Britain live in houses rather than flats，and many people own their homes. This means that they can make them individual（个体的）；they can paint them，and change them in any way they like. Most house have a garden，even if it is a very small one，and the garden is usually loved. The house and the garden are the private（私人的）space of the individual.
People usually like to mark their space. Are you sitting now in your home or on a train？ Have you marked the space around yourself as your？ If you are on the train you may put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you. If you share a flat you may have one corner or chair which is your own.
Once I was travelling on a train to London. I was in a section for four people and there was a table between us. The man on the opposite side to me had his briefcase on the table. There was no space on my side of the table at all. I was angry. Maybe he thought that he owned the whole table. I had read a book about non-verbal communication，so I took various papers out of my bag and put them on his briefcase! When I did this he stiffened and his eyes nearly popped （瞪出） out of his head. I had invaded （侵犯） his space! A few minutes later I took my papers off his case in order to read them. He immediately moved his case to his side of the table. Of course，it is possible that he just wanted to be helpful to me!
If you are visiting another country you may feel that you don’t have any private space. Hotel rooms look much the same in every country in the world. All day long，you share public spaces with other people. You see the local people in their private spaces and you feel lonely and “outside”. Local people can create their private spaces by talking about things you don’t know about. And you even feel that they like you to be outside them so that they will enjoy being inside even more! This is one of the difficulties of being a traveler! But if you understand it then it helps you. Haven’t you enjoyed being part of a group and “owning” a bit of space？
41. The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because.
A. he had no place to sit
B. someone had invaded his “space”
C. too many people shared a section with him
D. some other people talked about things he didn’t know about
42. “... you feel lonely and ‘outside’” in paragraph 4 means that.
A. you are alone outside the house
B. you feel lonely because you travel on your own
C. win the world’s admirationD. prove young people can realize their dreams
36. The toughest times of her journey were.
A. when she had to be calm B. when terrible weather came
C. when she saw high mountains D. when she was very lonely
37. Which of the following can NOT describe Jessica’s sailing around the world ？
A. She was happy to leave her pink yacht.
B. Her sailing was non-stop.
C. She completed her sailing alone.
D. She is the youngest to sail around the world.
本篇阅读文章来源于身边的报刊，内容是关于澳大利亚16岁女生成功完成环球独航一事。选用这样的材料不仅能提高测试的真实性，体现语言的交际原则，还能通过展示英语在现实生活中的真实运用来激发学生外语学习的动机，培养综合性阅读技能。
34.答案为C。 报刊文章的第一段通常是全篇的概括，其他部分是描述性的细节。本题根据首段内容可知，结束时间为May 15，2010，而开始时间在第二段中是October 18，2009，由此可推断出答案为C。
35. 答案为D。 从第二段最后一句可知，Jessica Watson这么做是为了实现自己的梦想。因此答案为D。
36.答案为B。 这是考查细节理解的试题，第三段的首句告诉了我们题目的答案。
37. 答案为A。 本题考查考生把握文章结构以及对具体语境进行判断的能力。在整体理解语篇的前提下，可推断出B、C、D三个选项都描述了她此举的不同寻常，从文章的最后一句也可知A项描述的和她当时的心境不一致，故A项为答案。
第三部分 命题走向
《全日制义务教育普通初级中学英语课程标准（实验稿）》对中考英语阅读理解考试任务的类型和难度作出了较明确的规定:
能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料，如书信、通知、说明等；并能理解和解释图表所提供的简单信息；能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息；能独立阅读生词率不超过3%的题材熟悉的文章，理解语篇大意，获取有关信息，阅读速度为每分钟50～70个词。
新课程下的英语中考阅读理解试题无论是选材还是题目设置都有一定的规律性。2011年中考英语阅读试题将会继续坚持以考查学生综合语言运用能力为目标，通过真实的任务来考查学生综合利用信息解决实际问题的能力。考查内容主要集中在以下几方面：理解文章中的具体信息；根据上下文推测生词的意义；进行简单的判断和推理；理解文章的基本结构；理解主旨和要义；理解作者的意图和态度等。选材除一些通俗易懂的文学作品和故事体裁的语篇外，一些富有鲜明时代特征、实用性强的语言材料也会作为试题的素材，如报刊文章、使用说明书、招贴告示、广告及各类图表等。考查重点放在对语篇语境的整体把握上，力争科学地、全面地考查学生在经过初中阶段学习后所具有的阅读水平。