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以烟农19和兰考矮早8为材料,研究密度和氮肥基追比例对多穗型和大穗型小麦品种产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,播种密度提高有利于不同穗型小麦品种单位面积穗数的增加,而穗粒数与千粒重随播种密度的加大而减小。氮肥基追比例增加与不同穗型小麦品种的千粒重间均呈正相关,而与不同穗型小麦品种的穗粒数间呈负相关,氮肥基追比例增加对不同穗型小麦品种单位面积穗数影响未达显著差异水平。烟农19以中密度、氮肥基追比例5:5处理产量最高,兰考矮早8以高密度、氮肥基追比例7:3处理产量最高。根据密度、氮肥基追比例组合与产量结果建立二元回归模型,烟农19的氮肥基追比例5:5最佳,优化密度为328.4×104 hm-2基本苗,其优化产量可达8 725.3 kg.hm-2,兰考矮早8的氮肥基追比例7:3最佳,优化密度为421.2×104 hm-2基本苗,其优化产量可达7 441.1 kg.hm-2。
The effects of planting density and proportion of nitrogen and base fertilizer on the yield and its components of multi-spike and big-spike wheat were studied with Yannong 19 and Lankao Aji 8 as materials. The results showed that sowing density increased the spikelets per unit area of wheat cultivars with different spike types, while the number of grains per spike and grain weight per spike reduced with sowing density. The increase of proportion of nitrogen and base fertilizer was positively correlated with the 1000-grain weight of different spike-type wheat cultivars, but negatively correlated with the spike-grain of different spike-type wheat cultivars. The difference was not reached. Tobacco farmers 19 with medium density, nitrogenous fertilizer ratio of 5: 5 to handle the highest yield, Lankao short morning 8 to high-density, nitrogen fertilizer ratio of 7: 3 to handle the highest yield. The binary regression model was established based on the density, proportion of nitrogen and chai to yield and yield. The ratio of nitrogen to chase of Yannong 19 was 5: 5, the optimized density was 328.4 × 104 hm-2, and the optimized yield was 8 725.3 kg .hm-2, the optimal ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer to basal nitrogen recovery of Lankao A-8 was 7: 3, and the optimized density was 421.2 × 104 hm-2. The optimal yield was 7 441.1 kg · hm-2.