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语用学是研究语言的理解和使用的学问(Leech,1983)。为使语言表达得体、合适,语言的使用者就必须学会针对特定的语境,考虑到社会和文化因素,灵活、合理地使用语言。语用失误不是指一般的语言运用错误,而是指说话不合时宜的失误,或者说话方式不妥、表达不合习惯等导致交际不能取得预期效果的失误。语用失误可分为语言语用失误(paralinguistic failure)和社交语用失误(socio-pragmatic failure)两种。
Pragmatics is the study of the understanding and use of language (Leech, 1983). In order for the language to be appropriate and appropriate, the user of the language must learn to use the language flexibly and reasonably for a particular context, taking into account social and cultural factors. Pragmatic errors do not refer to errors in general language use, but to errors that are outdated, inappropriate ways of speaking, and expressions of unacceptable habits that lead to communication failure to achieve the desired results. Pragmatic failure can be divided into two kinds of language paralinguistic failure and socio-pragmatic failure.