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设计了荷电液滴捕集颗粒物的实验装置,对自由落体荷电液滴捕集颗粒物特性进行了实验研究.荷电液滴穿过粉尘室捕集颗粒物并在载玻片上铺展,利用显微镜对不同下落高度和荷电量的荷电液滴吸附的颗粒物在液滴表面的沉积特性进行了观察和分析.实验表明;荷电液滴的颗粒物捕集量高于非荷电液滴一个数量级以上;颗粒物在荷电液滴表面发生了显著的团聚现象;荷电液滴的迎风面是捕集颗粒物的主要区域,但是颗粒物的实际沉积区域小于液滴的半球面;降低下落高度或增大荷电量能够提高液滴对颗粒物的捕集半径,但是会加剧液滴捕集效率的波动;在一定的雷诺数范围内,液滴对颗粒物的捕集量与其电荷量呈线性比例关系.“,”An in-house designed experimental device was used to study the characteristics of particles deposited on the free-fall charged droplet.The charged droplet captured particles when it fell through the particle chamber and eventually it spread on a glass slide.The characteristics of particles deposited on the droplet surface in different falling heights and charge conditions of the droplet was analyzed by using the optical microscope.It was found that the particles captured by the charged droplet were more than ten times of uncharged one.Particles on the charged droplet agglomerated remarkably.The front side of the charged droplet was the dominant region to capture particles while the actual deposition area was smaller than hemispheric surface.The capture radius of the droplet can be extended by reducing the fall height or increasing the charge.However,it could intensify the uncertainty of the capture efficiency.The capture efficiency of the droplet was linear-proportional to its charge in a limited range of the Reynolds number.