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目的:比较和分析强制和自愿戒毒 (美沙酮维持治疗) 对海洛因成瘾者复发率的差异.方法:对439例强制和自愿戒毒者进行问卷调查、统计分析.结果:强制戒毒者的操守时间90 d, 180 d, 365 d的复发率均高于自愿戒毒者 (分别为59.0％与34.6％, 38.7％与19.2％, 23.4％与10.3％, P值均≤0.01), 30 d内的复发率无明显差异 (77.9％与67.9％, P=0.08) .结论:海洛因成瘾者复吸率高, 强制和自愿戒毒都会复发, 戒毒是长期且反复的过程.“,”Objective: To compare and analyze the difference of drug relapse rates between compulsory rehabilitation center and voluntary detoxification (methadone maintenance treatment, MMT) among heroin addicts.Methods: A total of 439 drug abusers were investigated by questionnaire and statistical analysis was done.Results: The relapse rates in compulsory rehabilitation center is higher than in voluntary detoxification for 90 days, 180 days and 365 days (59. 0％ and 34. 6％, 38. 7％ and19. 2％, 23. 4％ and 10. 3％, P≤0. 01). There was no significant difference in 30 days (77. 9％ and67. 9％, P = 0. 08).Conclusion: Heroin addicts has high relapse rate. Both compulsory and voluntary detoxification will be drug relapse recur, and detoxification is a long and repeated process.