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目的通过分析甘肃省流行性感冒(流感)监测数据,掌握其流行特征,为本省今后的流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法采集全省19家国家级流感监测哨点医院门诊流感样病例(ILI)的咽拭子标本,以荧光定量PCR方法检测流感病毒核酸,用犬肾细胞(MDCK)进行病毒分离培养、鉴定。结果对26 133份ILI咽拭子标本进行流感病毒核酸检测,阳性4 302份,阳性率为16.46%;2014年、2015年阳性率分别为12.36%、20.15%,差异有统计学意义χ2=317.824,P<0.01)。0岁~4岁组流感病毒阳性率最低(12.43%),5岁~14岁组流感病毒阳性率最高(22.99%)。对3 768份标本进行了流感病毒分离,分离流感病毒1 274株,检出率为33.81%,其中甲型H1N1 269株,季节性H3N2 501株,乙型Victorian系337株,乙型Yamagata系165株。结论甘肃省流感流行的季节性特征较为明显,病毒型别表现为交替流行规律,应积极预警和防控。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of influenza (influenza) in Gansu Province and to grasp the epidemiological characteristics of influenza and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control of influenza in this province. Methods Throat swabs were collected from 19 outpatients with flu-like illness (ILI) from 19 national-level influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals. The influenza virus nucleic acids were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and isolated from canine kidney cells (MDCK). Results The positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid in 26 133 ILI throat swabs was 4 302, with a positive rate of 16.46%. The positive rates in 2014 and 2015 were 12.36% and 20.15%, respectively, with a significant difference χ2 = 317.824 , P <0.01). The positive rate of influenza virus was the lowest (12.43%) in 0 years old to 4 years old group, and was the highest (22.99%) in 5 years old to 14 years old group. Influenza virus was isolated from 3 768 samples and 1 274 strains of influenza viruses were isolated. The detection rate was 33.81%, of which 269 strains were H1N1, 501 were seasonal H3N2, 337 were beta-B Victorian, and Yamagata-B was 165 Strain. Conclusions The seasonal epidemic of Gansu Province is more obvious. The virus type shows an alternating epidemic pattern and should be actively monitored and controlled.