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目的:了解铁路职工的艾滋病知识、态度和行为(KAP)的基本情况,为开展健康教育及干预措施提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样方法对530名铁路职工进行自填式问卷调查。结果:有效问卷502份。对艾滋病传播途径的认知率达到80%以上,但对艾滋病的非传播途径认知水平较低。对艾滋病治疗方面的知识较为欠缺(认知率在22.31%~57.77%)。对于安全性行为的正确认知率为48.01%,正确使用安全套的认知率为69.92%。对艾滋病感染者或患者的态度正向选择率为58.16%。不同文化程度对艾滋病态度的差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:铁路职工艾滋病相关防治知识认知水平较低,应加强艾滋病知识、态度和行为的相关健康教育。
Objective: To understand the basic situation of AIDS knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAP) of railway workers and provide basis for health education and intervention measures. Methods: A total of 530 railway workers were surveyed by cluster sampling method. Results: 502 valid questionnaires. The awareness rate of transmission of AIDS reaches more than 80%, but the cognitive level of non-transmission of AIDS is low. Knowledge of AIDS treatment is relatively scarce (cognitive rate of 22.31% ~ 57.77%). The correct recognition rate of safe behavior was 48.01%, and the correct rate of condom use was 69.92%. The positive selection rate for HIV-infected persons or patients was 58.16%. There were significant differences in attitudes toward AIDS between different education levels (P <0.01). Conclusion: There is a low cognitive level of HIV / AIDS related prevention and treatment among railway workers, and related health education on HIV / AIDS knowledge, attitude and behavior should be strengthened.