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“水资源域”为在某一时段向河口或某一地点,传送水、水中营养物、泥沙或其它物质的空间范围。这一新概念与“流域”概念既相似又不同:1)流域边界以地貌特征来确定,相对稳定。而水资源域的边界以水文事件中的水和物质传播范围来确定,随时空而变化;2)流域强调给定空间范围内水和物质的时间分布,而水资源域强调水和物质随时间和空间二者相互变化的动态分布;3)水资源域综合考虑了不同尺度的时空即时变化对水资源及物质传播的影响。这一新概念应用遥感、空间分析、追踪及模拟技术分析流域空间模式与过程,为水资源探索、分析、模拟及预测提供了一种全新的方法与途径。该文以美国伊利湖茅密河为例,应用分布式大流域模型计算了水资源域的分布。
“Water resources domain ” is the spatial range of water, nutrients, silt or other substances in the water that are transported to a river mouth or a certain place at a certain time. This new concept is similar to and different from the concept of “watershed”: 1) The watershed boundary is characterized by its geomorphic features and is relatively stable. While the boundaries of the water resources domain are determined by the range of water and material transmission in hydrological events and vary with time and space; 2) The river basin emphasizes the time distribution of water and materials within a given spatial range, while the water resources domain emphasizes water and materials over time And the spatial distribution of the two; 3) The water resources domain considers the impact of the temporal and spatial changes of different scales on water resources and material transmission. This new concept uses remote sensing, spatial analysis, tracking and simulation techniques to analyze spatial patterns and processes of watersheds and provides a new approach and approach to water resource exploration, analysis, simulation and prediction. Taking the example of Mao Mi River in the US Erie Lake, this paper calculates the distribution of water resources domain by using the distributed catchment model.