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长期以来,人们知道心房(不是心室)肌细胞含有电子緻密颗粒,并认为这些颗粒是心脏儿茶酚胺的贮藏所。1978年,de Bo-ld及其同事们提出,这些颗粒具有内分泌细胞内贮藏颗粒的形态特征,可以分泌多肽激素。他还提示,这种颗粒在肌细胞内的数目明显随钠或水的摄入量变化而改变。因此使人猜想这种颗粒可能含有一种与水盐平衡调节有关的物质。de Bold等首先证实了这一猜想。他们用实验证明经注射大鼠心房粗提取液的大鼠明显地出现利尿、利钠尿和血压过低现象。所以把这种未知的活性物质叫做“心房利尿钠因子”,即ANF。此后,心房肌细胞中的这种颗粒就被认定为ANF的贮藏所了。
It has long been known that atrial (not ventricular) myocytes contain electron-dense particles and are thought to be catecholamines in the heart. In 1978, de Bo-ld and colleagues suggested that these particles have the morphological characteristics of the endocrine intracellular storage particles that can secrete polypeptide hormones. He also suggested that the number of such particles in muscle cells was significantly altered by changes in sodium or water intake. Therefore, it is suspected that such particles may contain a substance that is involved in the regulation of water and salt balance. De Bold et al first confirmed this conjecture. They experimentally demonstrated that diarrhea, natriuresis, and hypotension were clearly seen in rats that had been injected with rat atrial crude extract. So this unknown active called “atrial natriuretic factor”, that is, ANF. Since then, this atrial myocytes in this particle was identified as ANF storage.