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目的 通过能力验证计划,对全国实验室的生活饮用水中溶解性总固体检测能力进行分析和评价.方法 能力验证计划中使用的被测样品参考二级标准物质制备方法制备,采用单因子方差分析法和线性拟合趋势分析法分别对其进行均匀性检验和稳定性检验.将全国813家实验室提交的结果进行迭代稳健统计分析,采用z值评定各参加实验室的测试结果.结果 获得满意结果的实验室729家,结果满意率为89.7％;可疑结果的有22家,结果可疑率为2.7％;离群结果的有62家,结果离群率为7.6％.结论 能力验证统计结果表明,国内实验室的生活饮用水中溶解性总固体检测能力总体较好,少部分实验室的检测能力有待改进提高.“,”Objective To evaluate the capacity of national laboratories for determination of total dissolved solids (TDS) in drinking water using Proficiency Testing Program.Methods The preparation methods of the Secondary Standard Materials were used as the reference for the sample preparation in this Proficiency Testing Program.The homogeneity and stability of the samples were tested by single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression.The results provided by 813 participant laboratories were analyzed by robust statistics and assessed by z-score.Results A total of 729 laboratories,accounted for 89.7％ of total participating laboratories,obtained satisfactory results;22 laboratories,accounted for 2.7％,doubtful results;62 laboratories,accounted for 7.6％,outlier.Conclusion The capacity of national laboratories for determination of TDS in drinking water has been ranked as satisfactory according to statistical analysis of the Proficiency Testing Program results.Only a small portion of the participants require further improvement in their capacities.