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目的:观察低温脱脂工艺(低变性)制备的花生蛋白质粉对食源性高脂模型大鼠脂代谢的影响及其作用机理。方法:雄性SD大鼠40只,随机分为4组,正常对照组每天喂料前用蒸馏水灌胃10mL/kgBW,饲喂普通饲料;高脂模型组每天喂料前用蒸馏水灌胃10mL/kgBW,饲喂高脂大鼠饲料;花生蛋白粉低剂量组和高剂量组每天喂料前分别灌胃0.2g/mL、0.4g/mL花生蛋白粉溶液10mL/kgBW,均饲喂高脂大鼠饲料。连续对喂30d,观察大鼠生长情况。实验最后3d收集大鼠粪便,测定胆汁酸含量。断头取血及肝脏组织,测定脂质和脂蛋白含量及相关脂酶活性,并制备肝组织病理切片。结果:高脂模型组大鼠体质量、肝质量、肝脏指数及血脂水平均显著高于正常对照组,花生蛋白组尤其是高剂量花生蛋白组大鼠肝质量、肝脏指数、肝细胞脂肪变性以及血清甘油三酯、HDL-C和LDL-C水平均比高脂模型组有明显改善。与高脂模型组相比,高剂量花生蛋白组大鼠血清和肝脏MDA含量及脑脂褐质水平均显著降低;血清脂酶活性下降,而肝脏脂酶活性略有提高;粪排出量、粪含水量及胆汁酸含量均有所增加。结论:低温脱脂花生蛋白粉具有明显的血脂调节作用,其作用机理可能是通过调节血清HDL-C和LDL-C水平、减少脂质过氧化产物MDA及脑脂褐质的产生,以及增加粪排泄量、粪含水量及粪胆汁酸排出量等多种途径共同发挥作用。
Objective: To observe the effect and mechanism of peanut protein powder prepared by low temperature degreasing process (low degeneration) on lipid metabolism in food-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. The normal control group was fed with 10 mL / kg BW before distilled water daily, while the normal group was fed with distilled water 10 mL / kg BW , Fed with high-fat rat feed; low-dose group of peanut protein powder and high-dose group were fed 0.2g / mL, 0.4g / mL peanut protein powder solution 10mL / feed. Continuous feeding on the 30d, observe the growth of rats. The rats were collected in the last 3 days to determine the bile acid content. The blood and liver tissue were decapitated, the content of lipids and lipoproteins and the activity of lipase were determined, and the pathological sections of liver tissue were prepared. Results: The body weight, liver mass, liver index and blood lipid of rats in high fat model group were significantly higher than those in normal control group. The liver mass, liver index, hepatocellular steatosis and the percentage of hepatocellular steatosis in peanut protein group, especially high dose peanut protein group Serum triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C levels were significantly improved than the high-fat model group. Compared with the high-fat model group, the content of MDA and the content of lipofuscin in the serum and liver of the high-dose peanut protein group were significantly decreased; the activity of serum lipase decreased but the lipase activity of the liver slightly increased; Water content and bile acid content have increased. CONCLUSION: Low-temperature defatted peanut protein powder has obvious effect on lipid regulation. Its mechanism may be through the regulation of serum HDL-C and LDL-C levels, reducing the production of lipid peroxidation products MDA and brain lipofuscin, and increasing fecal excretion Volume, excrement water and fecal bile acid excretion and other ways to play a role.