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为明确甘蓝型油菜花叶性状的遗传特点,开发与花叶性状连锁的分子标记。以甘蓝型油菜品系2205(圆叶)、1423(花叶)为亲本,构建了3个世代群体:F1、BC1和F2,探讨花叶性状的遗传规律;利用分子标记技术对花叶基因进行定位。结果表明,F1植株叶形表现为花叶,BC1(F1×2205)和F2中花叶与圆叶的植株分离比分别符合1∶1和3∶1,说明甘蓝型油菜的花叶性状受1对不完全显性基因控制。利用集团分离法(BSA)筛选637对SSR引物,共筛选到了3个与花叶基因紧密连锁的SSR标记:CB10079、BNGMS114和BNGMS385。连锁分析发现,这3个连锁标记均位于花叶基因的一侧,其中BNGMS114与花叶基因的遗传距离最近,其遗传距离为2.5 c M。将这3个连锁标记的序列与白菜基因组的序列进行比对,结果发现它们与白菜A10染色体的序列共线性较好,花叶基因位于A10染色体的15.70 Mb下游区段。上述标记的获得为油菜花叶性状的分子标记辅助选择育种以及花叶基因的克隆奠定理论基础。
In order to clarify the genetic characteristics of leaf traits in Brassica napus, molecular markers linked to the characters of mosaic were developed. Three generation populations F1, BC1 and F2 were constructed with 2205 (round leaf) and 1423 (mosaic) as parents, and the genetic law of mosaic traits was explored. The molecular marker technique was used to locate the mosaic gene . The results showed that the leaf shape of F1 plants was mosaic. The plant segregation ratios of mosaic and circular leaves of BC1 (F1 × 2205) and F2 were respectively 1: 1 and 3:1, which indicated that the leaf traits of Brassica napus were affected by 1 Not completely dominant gene control. A total of 637 pairs of SSR primers were screened by group segregation method (BSA). Three SSR markers closely linked to the mosaic gene were screened: CB10079, BNGMS114 and BNGMS385. The linkage analysis revealed that the three linkage markers were located on one side of the mosaic gene. Among them, the genetic distance between BNGMS114 and mosaic gene was the closest, with a genetic distance of 2.5 cM. The sequences of these three linkage markers were aligned with the genomes of Chinese cabbage. The results showed that the sequences of the three linkage markers were highly colinear with the A10 chromosome, and the mosaic gene was located in the 15.70 Mb downstream segment of chromosome A10. The above markers provide a theoretical basis for molecular marker-assisted selection breeding and mosaic gene cloning of rapeseed flower traits.