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控制理论是生成语法理论的重要组成部分。传统观点认为,控制是基础生成的,PRO是非显性的词汇条目。Kim提出的合并控制理论指出,在推导过程中,与PRO从句合并的最直接的论元为PRO的控制者。汉语中普遍认为存在着控制,但对限定与非限定的区分上存在着很大的分歧。争论者中,李梅提出种种证据,证明汉语中存在时态标记,李梅认为,“将”为汉语中的时态标记,可以用于区分汉语中的限定句与非限定句。本文按照李梅对汉语限定从句与非限定从句区分的标准,认为汉语中的控制现象发生了四大结构中,即兼语结构,动词补语结构,V-V结构以及动词主语结构。本文将采用Kim的合并控制理论对《围城》中的控制现象进行分析,证明控制的生成过程。
Control theory is an important part of generating grammar theory. The traditional view that control is based on the generation, PRO is non-dominant vocabulary entries. Kim’s theory of mergence control points out that in the process of derivation, the most direct argument that merges with the PRO clause is the controller of PRO. It is generally accepted that there is control in Chinese, but there is a great deal of disagreement between the definitional and unqualified distinctions. Among the contestants, Li Mei presented various evidences to prove that there is a tense sign in Chinese. According to Li Mei, “be ” is a tense sign in Chinese that can be used to distinguish between qualifying and unqualified sentences in Chinese. According to the standard that Li Mei distinguishes between Chinese restricted clause and unqualified clause, it is considered that there are four major structures in the Chinese control phenomenon, that is, co-morpheme structure, verb complement structure, V-V structure and verb subject structure. In this paper, Kim’s Merger Control Theory will be used to analyze the control phenomena in Fortress Besieged to prove the generation of control.