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目的 :探讨慢性放射病 (以下简称慢放病 )的诊断、治疗及预后。方法 :以受照剂量 ,临床症状 ,造血功能 ,T淋巴细胞百分率 ,染色体畸变率对 30例慢性放射损伤患者进行综合分析判断 ,对其中 1 1例慢放病用胸腺肽治疗并追踪观察 1 0年。结果 :慢放病患者受照剂量超过 2 Sv,白细胞下降伴有骨髓造血功能障碍 ,T淋巴细胞百分率下降 ,染色体畸变率显著上升。胸腺肽能改善临床症状 ,显著提高细胞免疫功能。慢放病各项指标恢复依时间顺序为 :T淋巴细胞百分率 (2年 ) ,临床症状 (3.5年 ) ,造血功能 (5～ 8年 ) ,染色体畸变率 (1 0年 )。结论 :受照剂量是诊断慢放病的重要依据 ;白细胞总数、骨髓造血功能改变是诊断的关键 ;T淋巴细胞百分率、染色体畸变率可作为鉴别诊断指标。慢放病是一种可以恢复的职业性疾病 ,胸腺肽治疗有助于慢放病的恢复。
Objective: To investigate the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of chronic radiation sickness (hereinafter referred to as slow release disease). Methods: Thirty patients with chronic radiation injury were analyzed by irradiation dose, clinical symptoms, hematopoietic function, percentage of T lymphocytes and chromosome aberration rate. Thirteen of them were treated with thymosin and followed up for 10 years . Results: The dose of slow-release patients over 2 Sv, leukopenia associated with hematopoietic dysfunction of bone marrow, the percentage of T lymphocytes decreased, the chromosome aberration rate increased significantly. Thymosin can improve clinical symptoms, significantly improve cellular immune function. The indexes of slow release were recovered in time sequence as follows: T lymphocyte percentage (2 years), clinical symptoms (3.5 years), hematopoietic function (5-8 years), chromosome aberration rate (10 years). Conclusion: The dose of irradiation is an important basis for the diagnosis of chronic disease; the total number of white blood cells, bone marrow function changes is the key to diagnosis; T lymphocyte percentage, chromosome aberration rate can be used as differential diagnosis indicators. Slow release is a recoverable occupational disease, thymopeptide treatment can help slow the recovery of the disease.