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尝试以作物种植前、后土壤N的空间变化为基础与农户调查数据相结合,以GIS技术为手段,辅以地统计分析,探讨县域作物土壤环境空间变化特征及其与农户土地管理行为,特别是N投入行为间关系。其结果对更深入揭示农田碱解氮的演化规律,指导农民合理N投入,减少投入成本,提升生态环境,具有十分重要的作用。通过对Moran’s I指数分析,结果表明:农业N投入普遍偏高,过剩量大;不同区域作物N投入存在较大差异,且农户各自惯性投入依然较强。平原区变异系数大的主要原因在于种植规模化品种少,粮食作物和经济作物N投入差距大;山区和半山区的变异系数小的原因是由于规模化经营尚未形成,种植作物的多样性和N投入的不稳定性综合形成的。此外,研究还表明,GIS空间分析技术与经典试验相结合能有效分析不同农户间的作物种植前后土壤N的变化差异,对建立针对性的、差异化农地利用对策具有十分重要的作用。下一步研究可结合土地利用与覆盖变化、土壤物质循环作更深入探讨。
This paper attempts to combine the survey data of peasants with the spatial variation of soil N before and after crop planting. By means of GIS technology and geo-statistical analysis, the spatial variation characteristics of soil environment in county crops and their relationship with land management behaviors of peasant households, especially N is the relationship between investment behavior. The results have a very important role in revealing the evolution law of farmland alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, guiding farmers to invest rationally, reducing input costs, and improving ecological environment. Through the analysis of Moran’s I index, the results show that the input of agriculture N is generally high and the surplus is large; there is a big difference in N input between crops in different regions, and the inertia investment of farmers still remains strong. The main reason for the large variation coefficient in plain areas is that there are few planting large-scale varieties, and there is a big gap between N inputs of grain crops and economic crops. The reason for the small variation coefficient in mountainous and semi-mountainous areas is that the large-scale management has not yet formed, The instability of investment is formed synthetically. In addition, the research also shows that the combination of GIS spatial analysis technology and classical experiment can effectively analyze the difference of soil N before and after crop planting among different farmers, which plays an important role in establishing targeted and differentiated farmland utilization countermeasures. The next step can be explored in more depth in conjunction with changes in land use and cover and soil material cycling.