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目前方兴末艾、影响极为广泛的新技术革命,不仅以诸如电子计算机、生物工程、光纤通讯等为其技术代表;还产生了一系列关于现代化科研、生产、行政管理等方面的先进科学思想、技术与方法。这后一个方面,主要体现在被人们称为“软科学”这一大类新兴学科中。“软科学”是借用电子计算机中的“软件”的名称而来。现代科技与生产发展,一方面产生出大量的新技术、新工艺、新材料、新产品,另一方面又相应地出现了如何进行科研、生产及各种管理工作的新思想、新方法。如果把前者称作“硬科学”,后者就是“软科学”。“软科学”综合地、创造性地运用现代数学、自然科学及哲学、社会科
At the moment, Fang Xingyao, a very influential new technology revolution, not only represented such technologies as computers, bioengineering and optical fiber communications, but also produced a series of advanced scientific ideas on modern scientific research, production and administration Technology and methods. This latter aspect is mainly reflected in the emerging category of science known as soft science. “Soft science” is borrowed from the name of the “software” in the computer. With the development of modern science and technology and production, on the one hand, a great deal of new technologies, new techniques, new materials and new products have been produced. On the other hand, new ideas and new methods of how to carry out scientific research, production and various management have emerged correspondingly. If the former is called “hard science,” the latter is “soft science.” “Soft science” comprehensively and creatively use modern mathematics, natural sciences and philosophy, social sciences