论文部分内容阅读
目的调查在职业卫生分级管理中企业的自我认知情况,分析企业自我认知水平与企业职业卫生状况之间的关系。方法采用《上海市职业卫生量化分级评分表》,对北京市海淀区71家企业的职业卫生管理人员进行培训,并由其按照统一标准对所在企业的职业卫生状况进行自评(企业自评分),收集企业职业卫生相关资料并结合现场监督检查以及工作场所职业病危害因素普查资料,由研究人员采用相同的评分表按相同标准对企业的职业卫生状况进行评分(调查评分),分析企业自评分与调查评分之间的差异,并以企业自评分与调查评分之间的差值反映企业自我认知水平,分析其与企业职业卫生状况的关系。结果根据统一的分级标准,企业自评的分级结果与调查的分级结果不同(χ2=82.02,P<0.01)。企业自评平均分为69.23,中位数为80.00;调查评分的平均分为42.58,中位数为36.82。企业自评分与调查评分之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。企业自评分与调查评分差值较小的企业(即自我认知水平较高的企业),A级与B级企业所占比例较高(χ2=64.77,P<0.01)。结论纳入研究的企业整体职业卫生水平与职业卫生自我认知水平较低。企业的职业卫生自我认知水平越高,企业的职业卫生状况也就越好,应加强对企业的职业卫生培训与教育。
Objective To investigate the self-awareness of enterprises in occupational health management and to analyze the relationship between self-awareness of enterprises and occupational health status of enterprises. Methods The “Shanghai Occupational Health Quantification and Grading Scale” was used to train occupational health managers of 71 enterprises in Haidian District, Beijing. According to the uniform standards, the occupational health status of the enterprises in which they were employed was self-rated (self-rating) , Collecting relevant data of occupational health and combining the on-the-spot supervision and inspection as well as the census data of occupational hazards in the workplace, the researchers scored the occupational health status of the enterprises according to the same standard by using the same scale (survey score), analyzed the self- Investigate the difference between the scores, and reflect the self-cognition level of the enterprise by the difference between the enterprise self-score and the survey score, and analyze the relationship with the occupational health status of the enterprise. Results According to the uniform grading standards, the grading results of self-assessment of enterprises were different from the grading results of surveys (χ2 = 82.02, P <0.01). The average self-assessment of enterprises was 69.23 with a median of 80.00; the average of the survey scores was 42.58 with a median of 36.82. The difference between enterprise self-rating and survey scores was statistically significant (P <0.01). Enterprises with a small difference between ratings and survey scores (ie, companies with higher self-awareness), and companies with higher levels of A and B (χ2 = 64.77, P <0.01). Conclusion The overall level of occupational health and occupational health self-awareness of the enterprises under study are low. The higher the self-cognition level of occupational health in an enterprise, the better the occupational health status of an enterprise. The vocational health training and education of enterprises should be strengthened.