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目的:研究下颌骨牵引成骨后在新骨区即刻牙移动时牙周组织的改建行为及牙移动规律。方法:选择4只牙列完整的Beagle犬,其中2只犬建立双侧下颌骨牵引成骨动物模型,牵引完成后,即刻以30g力远中移动下颌第三前磨牙进入牵引成骨区;另外2只犬拔除双侧下颌第四前磨牙后3个月,以30g力远中移动下颌第三前磨牙。实验中,每周加力1次拍摄X线片,并记录牙移动速率。牙移动8周后,观察实验牙及其牙周组织特点。测量数据采用SPSS12.0软件包进行t检验。结果:实验牙借助自制的持续加力装置移动进入牵引成骨区,实验牙未产生倾斜,牙无明显松动,牙根未见明显吸收。实验组牙移动速度显著快于对照组,P<0.01。组组织学观察发现,牙槽骨和牙周膜未出现不可逆性损伤。结论:牵引成骨区的新生骨质中,牙可以快速而平稳地移动。
OBJECTIVE: To study the reconstruction of periodontal tissue and tooth movement during immediate mandibular distraction osteogenesis in new bone region. Methods: Four Beagle dogs with complete dentition were selected. Two dogs were established bilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis model. Immediately after the traction was completed, the third mandibular premolar moved 30g into the distraction osteogenesis area. The other two Only three months after removal of the bilateral mandibular fourth premolar, the canine moved the mandibular third premolar by 30g force. In the experiment, X-ray filming was performed once a week and the tooth movement rate was recorded. After 8 weeks of tooth movement, the experimental teeth and their periodontal tissues were observed. Measurement data using SPSS12.0 package for t test. Results: The experimental teeth moved into the distraction osteogenesis zone by self-made continuous force device. There was no inclination of the experimental teeth, no apparent loosening of the teeth and no obvious absorption of the root. The tooth movement speed of experimental group was significantly faster than that of control group, P <0.01. Histological observation showed that there was no irreversible damage to alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. CONCLUSIONS: In the newborn bone in traction osteogenesis, teeth can move rapidly and smoothly.