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在用自由锻造法锻造工件的时候,往往要从锻件上截掉一些多余的残料——余料。这些余料过去都是当做废料拿去回炉的,因此在自由锻造方面,材料的利用率很低。其实这些余料,尤其是从大型锻件上截下来的余料,是很可以加以利用的。过去没有利用余料的原因有两个:1)材料管理制度不健全,管理人员只忙于领、发整料,没有对余料加以管理;2)工人怕利用余料会影响工时,怕用错材料会出废品。
When forging workpieces by free forging, it is often necessary to cut off excess material - residual material - from forgings. In the past, these remnants were used as scrap to recycle them, so the utilization of materials was very low for free forging. In fact, these excess material, especially from large forgings cut off the excess material, it is possible to make use of. There are two reasons for not utilizing the excess material in the past: 1) the material management system is not perfect; the management personnel are only busy with their work and do not manage the excess material; and 2) the workers are afraid to use the excess material and affect their working hours, Materials will be out of waste.