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背景:血管内皮细胞生长因子和转化生长因子在胚胎发育、伤口愈合、炎症、肿瘤及缺血缺氧等多种生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用,并参与脑损伤的发生发展过程。目的:评价血管内皮细胞生长因子和转化生长因子α在大鼠早期动脉瘤形成过程中的表达差异。方法:取SD大鼠28只,随机分为3组,假手术组(n=8)暴露左侧颈动脉分叉和双侧肾动脉,不进行结扎,于当天处死;15 d组(n=10)与30 d组(n=10)结扎左侧颈总动脉、颈内动脉、颈外动脉及双侧肾动脉后支建立动脉瘤大鼠模型,分别于造模后15,30 d处死,取双侧大脑前动脉和嗅动脉分叉处,在光镜下观察其病理变化,同时进行血管内皮生长因子和转化生长因子α免疫组织化学染色。结果与结论:假手术组和15 d组均未见有动脉瘤,30 d组10只大鼠中发现在右侧大脑前嗅动脉分叉处1个囊性动脉瘤和5个早期动脉瘤样改变。假手术组和15 d组脑动脉标本无血管内皮生长因子表达,30 d组脑动脉标本血管内皮生长因子表达阳性率为80%,提示血管内皮生长因子可能参与动脉瘤形成过程。假手术组和15 d组脑动脉标本转化生长因子α表达较30 d组明显,提示转化生长因子α在动脉瘤形成过程中受损或分泌减少,可能与动脉瘤形成有关。
BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes such as embryonic development, wound healing, inflammation, tumor and ischemia and hypoxia, and participate in the development of brain injury. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the difference of the expression of VEGF and TGF-α in the process of early aneurysm formation in rats. Methods: Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. The left carotid bifurcation and bilateral renal arteries were exposed in the sham operation group (n = 8) 10 and 30 d groups (n = 10), the left common carotid artery, the internal carotid artery, the external carotid artery and the bilateral posterior renal artery were ligated to establish the aneurysm model in rats. The bilateral anterior cerebral arteries and the bifurcation of the olfactory artery were harvested, and their pathological changes were observed under light microscope. The expressions of VEGF and transforming growth factor-alpha immunohistochemical staining were also observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No aneurysm was found in the sham-operation group and the 15-day group. One cystic aneurysm and five early aneurysm-like lesions were found in the right anterior cerebral olfactory branch change. The expression of VEGF in the sham-operation group and the 15-day cerebral arterial samples were no significant difference. The positive rate of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression on the 30-day cerebral arterial samples was 80%, suggesting that vascular endothelial growth factor may participate in the aneurysm formation. The expression of TGF-α in sham-operation group and 15-day group was significantly higher than that in 30-day group, which indicated that TGF-α was impaired or secreted in aneurysm formation, which may be related to aneurysm formation.