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目的了解汕头地区ICU和非ICU医院感染多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌分离株的基因型特征。方法收集汕头地区两家三级甲等医院的医院感染铜绿假单胞菌菌株,对这些菌株的耐药性和基因型进行分析。采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验,脉冲场凝胶电泳法对多重耐药菌株进行基因分型,电泳结果用BionumericsV4.0软件进行聚类分析。结果共分离到132株铜绿假单胞菌,其中45株分离自ICU,87株来自非ICU病房。132株菌株中,有46株多重耐药菌(耐三种抗菌素或以上)。对46株多重耐药菌(25株来自ICU,21株来自非ICU病房)进行脉冲场凝胶电泳,结果显示来自ICU病房的25株菌株具有较高程度的同源性,而来自非ICU病房的菌株则具有明显的基因多态性。结论交叉感染是ICU多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌医院感染的重要传播途径。
Objective To understand the genotypes of multiple drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from ICU and non-ICU hospitals in Shantou. Methods Nosocomial P. aeruginosa strains were collected from two Grade-3 hospitals in Shantou and the drug resistance and genotypes of these strains were analyzed. Drug susceptibility test was carried out by disk diffusion method. The multi-resistant strains were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The electrophoresis results were clustered by Bionumerics V4.0 software. Results A total of 132 P. aeruginosa isolates were isolated, of which 45 were isolated from the ICU and 87 from non-ICU wards. Of 132 strains, 46 are multi-resistant (resistant to three antibiotics or more). Forty-six multi-drug resistant strains (25 from the ICU and 21 from non-ICU wards) were subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and the results showed that 25 strains from the ICU ward had a higher degree of homology but were from non-ICU wards Of the strains have obvious genetic polymorphisms. Conclusion Cross-infection is an important transmission route of ICU multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa nosocomial infection.