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一、偉大的十月社會主義革命(這個革命的四十週年我們剛剛紀念過)在人類歷史上第一次消滅了生產資料的私有制度,把工人和農民從資本主義剝創下解放出來,把政權轉移到勞動人民手中,使舊沙皇俄國各族人民無窮盡的創造活力得到了新生。這樣就爲生產力的蓬勃發展,勞動人民物質福利的迅速提高及科學、文化、藝衛的繁榮,創造了社會前提。在蘇維埃政權存在的四十年期間,蘇聯的作物栽培業獲得了巨大的成就。各種作物的播種面積比1913年增加了百分之五十以上(增加了7500萬公頃),其中主要的糧食作物——小麥增加將近一倍,棉花和糖甜菜增加兩倍,飼料作物增加11倍以上。穀類作物和技術作物的總產量大大地增長,作物栽培業的商品率顯著地提高。例如,1956年商品穀物的生產幾乎爲革命前最豐產的1913年的3倍。糖甜菜和馬鈴薯的商品產品在這個期間增加了將近2倍,棉花、向日葵和蔬菜的商品產品增加將近5倍。作物栽培產品總產量的增加,是通過擴大作物播種面積和提高單位面積產量來實現的。這一點可以從棉花這個極重要的技術作物的例子裹看出來(表1)。
First, the great October socialist revolution (which we have just commemorated on the fortieth anniversary of this revolution) has for the first time in human history eradicated the private system of means of production, liberated workers and peasants from the exploitation of capitalism, Transferred to the hands of the working people, so that the infinite vitality of the people of all nationalities in the Old Tsarist Russia was reborn. This created a social prerequisite for the vigorous development of the productive forces, the rapid improvement of the material well-being of working people and the prosperity of science, culture and arts and health. During the four decades in which the Soviet power existed, the crop cultivation industry in the Soviet Union had made great achievements. Sowing of various crops increased by more than 50 percent (an increase of 75 million hectares) over 1913, with nearly a doubling of the increase in wheat, the main food crop, doubled in cotton and sugar beet and a 11-fold increase in forage crops the above. The total output of cereals and technical crops has greatly increased, and the commodity rate of the crop cultivation industry has significantly increased. For example, the production of cereal grains in 1956 was almost three times that of 1913, the most productive before the revolution. Sugar beet and potato merchandise increased nearly two-fold during this period, while cotton, sunflower and vegetable products nearly tripled. The increase in the total output of crop cultivation products is achieved through the expansion of the sown area of crops and the improvement of yield per unit area. This can be seen in the case of cotton, an extremely important technical crop (Table 1).