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面积地震法是勘探构造特征的一种有效方法。用这个方法除能确定构造体的深度和位置外,还能确定其分布范围,且花费合理。但是面积法会由于地震道上出现静态时移而很快失效。本文将讨论静态对十字排列法采集面积地震数据的影响。地震数据是在北密执安礁带上采集的,这个地区有许多塔状礁。该区地表地形平坦,但地下有一些填满了冰碛的很深的冰蚀谷,这些冰蚀谷反映在地震资料上就是出现时移。资料在处理前没有经过静校正。为了预测静态误差效应,我们设计了一个模型,以使所得的资料与某一塔状礁上得到的资料相似。在这个模型上地震资料是用模拟十字排列的方法采集的。当原始资料经过各种相互独立的炮点、检波点校正之后,在一定的单程旅行时上能得到功率包络的水平显示图和偏移数据的瞬时相位.静校正是为了模拟冰碛的影响.如果偏移孔径比激发线和接收线上受静态误差影响的间隔大得多,那么它对偏移输出的影响最小。可是,如果受静态误差影响的间距接近偏移孔径,则所受影响就会很大。
Area seismic method is an effective method of exploration structural features. With this method, besides determining the depth and position of the structure, the distribution range can be determined and it is reasonable. However, the area method will fail quickly due to the static time-shift on the seismic traces. This article will discuss the effect of static on seismic data collected by cross-alignment. Seismic data is collected on the northern Michigan reefs, which have many tower reefs in the area. The terrain of the area is flat, but there are some deep glacial eroded valleys in the ground filled with moraines. These glacial eclogites are reflected in the seismic data which is time-shifted. Data before processing without static correction. In order to predict the effects of static errors, we have devised a model that approximates the data obtained on a tower reef. In this model, seismic data is collected using a simulated cross arrangement. When the raw data passes through various independent shots and calibration points, the horizontal display of the power envelope and the instantaneous phase of the offset data can be obtained during a certain one-way trip. The static correction is to simulate the influence of the moraine If the offset aperture is much larger than the spacing affected by the static error on the excitation and receive lines, it has the least effect on the offset output. However, if the distance affected by the static error is close to the offset aperture, the effect is significant.