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中俄两国都处于社会转型期,法律文化有着千丝万缕的联系。改革后的俄罗斯检察制度为我国的司法改革提供了范本。分析俄罗斯检察改革的背景与内容,是为了构建更为健全的中国检察制度。俄罗斯检察制度有着一套完善的法律体系,除了根本大法俄罗斯宪法之外,还有俄罗斯联邦检察机关法、检察院组织法等基本法律和规章相辅相成。俄罗斯检察制度改革的成效在于依法进行检察机构的改革、检察长在刑事诉讼中拥有较广泛的权限、充分发挥检察职能等。我国检察制度改革正如国家改革一样,已经迈入了深水区,面临检察权行使能否彻底独立,检察权配置是否真正合理,检察权效能能否全面发挥等问题,俄罗斯的做法值得借鉴。
Both China and Russia are in a period of social transition and the legal culture is inextricably linked. The post-reform Russian prosecutorial system has provided a model for judicial reform in our country. Analysis of the background and content of Russian procuratorial reform is to build a more robust Chinese prosecutorial system. The Russian prosecutorial system has a well-established legal system. Apart from the fundamental Dafa Russian constitution, the basic laws and regulations such as the procuratorial organ law of the Russian Federation and the organizational law of the procuratorate are mutually reinforcing. The effectiveness of the procuratorial system reform in Russia lies in the reform of procuratorial organs in accordance with the law, the prosecutor general has more extensive powers in criminal proceedings and gives full play to procuratorial functions. The procuratorial system reform in our country has just entered the deep water area, just like the national reform, facing the issue of whether the exercise of procuratorial authority can be completely independent, whether the prosecutorial power allocation is truly reasonable and whether the procuratorial power can be fully exerted, and so on. The practice of Russia is worth learning from.