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中国古代各家学说虽相互融合,但又各成一家之言,完全可以以近代“主义”的概念归纳之。比如先秦儒家的“法律理想主义”、道家与黄老学派的“法律自然主义”、法家的“法律工具主义”、汉中期后主流学说的“法律现实主义”等。而先秦儒家的法律理想主义在中国古代法学术思想史中占有举足轻重的地位,其对人性的希望,对传统礼治的肯定,为汉中期以后礼教的复兴奠定了基础,也为明末清初启蒙思想家批判服务于“一家一姓”的中央集权制法律提供了思想武器。
Although the various ancient Chinese doctrines are integrated with each other, they can each form a family of words that can be summed up in the concept of modern “doctrine ”. For example, Pre-Qin Confucianism’s “Legal Idealism”, Taoist and Huang Lao School’s “Legal Naturalism”, Legalist’s “Legal Instrumentalism”, and “Legal Realism” Wait. The pre-Qin Confucian legal idealism occupies a pivotal position in the history of academic thought of ancient Chinese law. Its hope for human nature and its affirmation of traditional ritual rule laid the foundation for the rejuvenation of Etiquette Era after Han and Han Dynasties and also enlightened for the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty The thinkers provided the ideological weapon to criticize the centralized law that served “one family and one family.”