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Objective: Magnesium has been attached more importance in cardiovasculardiseases in recent years especially in the treatment of arhythmia and AMI which effects have been confirmed by many large-scared clinical trials. However , its function in suppressing atherogenesis still under experimental study. Although many reports intend to positive results , its mechanism remain unclear. Now days more and more people recognized that atherogenesis procedure is a special chronic inflammation. Large-scared clinical research has proved inflammatory factors in AS patients closely related to prognosis, but there is no report about relationship of magnesium and tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF- )and interlukin-6(IL-6) in terms of atherogenesis process. We refined the methods, simulate the AS process in human body and prompt AS plagues formatted in 8 weeks. The main purpose of the present study was to test whether magnesium had an influence on TNF- and IL-6 in an artherosclerotic rat model. By the way, hyperlipemia is an independent risk factor of AS, but whether magnesium can modulate lipids remain disputed. We also detected lipids ,serum magnesium and tissue magnesium in order to evaluate whether magnesium fortification in drinking water has an influence on lipids and serum and tissue magnesium. So we can provide some experimental and theoretic base for AS patients dietary care.Methods: 1. 30 male rats were divided into 3 groups randomizely:10 in controlgroup (received regular rat chow + tap water); 10 in model group(received high fat diet + tap water); 10 in test group(received high fat diet + high magnesium drinking water :41.7mmol/L). At the end of 8 weeks , the rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital (150mg/kg), the animals were exsanguinatedby aspirating blood from their heart. Prepare serum and analyze total cholesterol (TC)n triglycerides(TG), HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL-C/TC ,then calculate atherosclerotic index(AI) and serum magnesium and serum calcium ; 2. prepare pathological example , HE staining , compare atherosclerotic extend in aorta ; 3. A certain myocardium and aorta were taken to grind, after protein quantification TNF- IL-6 in serum and grinded tissue were determined by ELISA kit.Results: 1. TNF- IL-6 in grinded myocardium and aorta were significantlyhigher in model group than that in magnesium-treated rats and control group ,the difference of the later two was insignificant; serum TNF- of three groups did not detected difference, but serum IL-6 in model group were significantly higher than the other groups; 2. Lipid file analysis showed that the model group and magnesium-treated group were significantly higher than control group in TC and TG, but that in magnesium-treated group were significantly lower than model group (P<0.01); LDL-C in magnesium-treated group were significantly lower as well as AI when compared with model group(P<0.01),and HDL-C were relatively higher; 3. Atherosclerotic score were lower in magnesium-treated group compared with model group(P<0.05); 4. After 8 weeks bred , serum and tissue magnesium were significantly decreased in model group compared with control group; serum magnesium were raised in a small range in the test group compared with control group(P<0.05), calcium in aorta were significantly lower in the test group than that in model group ,but serum and myocardium group changed little.Conclusions: 1. Magnesium fortification in drinking water can significantlysuppress TNF- IL-6 in rats , the down-regulation of inflammation factors maybe part of the mechanism in preventing atherosclerosis ;2. Magnesium supplementation may contribute to modify serum lipids, antagonize calcium deposition ;3. Magnesium-treated water of 41.7mmol/L may raise serum magnesium in a safe range. So magnesium is safe and effective to inhibit AS , the mechanism maybe through several ring-joints, such as suppress inflammation in organism , modulate lipid file etc. According to these , we should suggest patients to keep a healthy diet, eat moremagnesium-