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Part 1:Field investigation on occupational exposures in some industries in Wuhan.
Objective:The purpose was to learn occupational health practice in China,through participating in the local health surveillance work.
Methods：Visiting the Wuhan Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment (IODPT_Wuhan) and taking part in the field investigations in some industries.
Results:IODPT_Wuhan is the body that is authorized to evaluate and determine whether the companies abide by the country laws and regulations of occupational health.It includes mini hospital for occupational diseases,Physical Examination,Work Environmental Monitoring,Analytical Laboratory,Occupational Disease Diagnosis and transport department.The institute has about 140 employees and has finished twenty projects;it monitors about 160 enterprises annually.
Conclusion:Some experience in the area of occupational health was gathered through the practice.From the data analysis preventive measures were suggested for the industry such as local ventilation to reduce the chemical concentration,hearing personal protection equipment necessity for noise exposure even at the margin of the limit,a need ergonomic re-designed new lighting system for quality checking.
Part 2:the exposure assessment of musculoskeletal risk factors in LEDs producing company.
Objective:The aim of this study was to determine whether there exist risk factors which lead to musculoskeletal disorders in the LED production workshops using QEC.
Methods:At the production site 39 subjects were randomly observed and assessed;the data analysis was done using data for only 34 subjects which were complete.The exposure scores were computed then data analysis was carried out using SPSS 18 and SAS 9.1 softwares.
Results:The results indicated that there are high risk factors for the upper body region,the back shows high risk levels (23.47±2.38) and the neck has the very high level (15.53±2.46) of exposure,with the other body parts showing moderate exposure.The overall exposure is 55.1％ which implies overall exposure is too high and the action that is associated with that value is the need for further investigation and change of workplace design.
Conclusion:The work task involved in the production of LED subjects workers to musculoskeletal risk factors.There is a need for workplace redesigning and the workers must be trained for the adoption good postures when working.
Part3:Comparison of weight carrying techniques using EMG and Borg scale.
Objective:The aim was to determine which weight carrying technique is the best of preferable comparing the objective and subjective assessment outcomes.
Method:14 students volunteered to be included in the study and they were requested to carry 7.6 kg of rice by head and by one hand (left and right hands respectively) and 3.8 kg carry on both hands simultaneous.EMG signals were collected concurrently from the midline trapezius muscles and the L3 level of the erector spinae.Borg scale was used for the subjective assessment.
Results:The weight carrying methods seemed to activate the left trapezius in a roughly the same way expect for the weight carrying with right hand,which has less mean value which is significantly different for those of the other techniques.
Conclusion：It can be concluded that the weight carrying by head is the better method of carrying things based on the EMG fatigue analysis and the perceived exertion using Borg scale.However the weight used was a very lower hence the further investigation might be vital.
Objective:The purpose was to learn occupational health practice in China,through participating in the local health surveillance work.
Methods：Visiting the Wuhan Institute of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment (IODPT_Wuhan) and taking part in the field investigations in some industries.
Results:IODPT_Wuhan is the body that is authorized to evaluate and determine whether the companies abide by the country laws and regulations of occupational health.It includes mini hospital for occupational diseases,Physical Examination,Work Environmental Monitoring,Analytical Laboratory,Occupational Disease Diagnosis and transport department.The institute has about 140 employees and has finished twenty projects;it monitors about 160 enterprises annually.
Conclusion:Some experience in the area of occupational health was gathered through the practice.From the data analysis preventive measures were suggested for the industry such as local ventilation to reduce the chemical concentration,hearing personal protection equipment necessity for noise exposure even at the margin of the limit,a need ergonomic re-designed new lighting system for quality checking.
Part 2:the exposure assessment of musculoskeletal risk factors in LEDs producing company.
Objective:The aim of this study was to determine whether there exist risk factors which lead to musculoskeletal disorders in the LED production workshops using QEC.
Methods:At the production site 39 subjects were randomly observed and assessed;the data analysis was done using data for only 34 subjects which were complete.The exposure scores were computed then data analysis was carried out using SPSS 18 and SAS 9.1 softwares.
Results:The results indicated that there are high risk factors for the upper body region,the back shows high risk levels (23.47±2.38) and the neck has the very high level (15.53±2.46) of exposure,with the other body parts showing moderate exposure.The overall exposure is 55.1％ which implies overall exposure is too high and the action that is associated with that value is the need for further investigation and change of workplace design.
Conclusion:The work task involved in the production of LED subjects workers to musculoskeletal risk factors.There is a need for workplace redesigning and the workers must be trained for the adoption good postures when working.
Part3:Comparison of weight carrying techniques using EMG and Borg scale.
Objective:The aim was to determine which weight carrying technique is the best of preferable comparing the objective and subjective assessment outcomes.
Method:14 students volunteered to be included in the study and they were requested to carry 7.6 kg of rice by head and by one hand (left and right hands respectively) and 3.8 kg carry on both hands simultaneous.EMG signals were collected concurrently from the midline trapezius muscles and the L3 level of the erector spinae.Borg scale was used for the subjective assessment.
Results:The weight carrying methods seemed to activate the left trapezius in a roughly the same way expect for the weight carrying with right hand,which has less mean value which is significantly different for those of the other techniques.
Conclusion：It can be concluded that the weight carrying by head is the better method of carrying things based on the EMG fatigue analysis and the perceived exertion using Borg scale.However the weight used was a very lower hence the further investigation might be vital.