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Transcription factor RUNX1 acts integral role multiple-lineaged hematopoiesis and is often implicated in the V(D)J recombination for lymphocyte development behaved as a co-factor.Runx1 deficiencies resulted in immaturity and reduction of lymphocytes in mice.However,the functionality of runx1 in adult zebrafish lymphocyte development hasnt been known yet.In this study,we first found runx1W84X/W84X mutation lead to reduction and disorder of B lymphocyte as well as the failure of V(D)J recombination for B lymphocyte but not T lymphocyte,those resulted in antibody-mediated immunodeficiency in adult zebrafish.By contrast,however,excess multiplication of T lymphocyte was measured in adult zebrafish with runx1W84X/W84X mutation.The V(D)J recombination for B lymphocyte and lymphocyte development balance were disrupted in runx1W84X/W84X mutation,which makes runx1W84X/W84X mutation obtain similar phenotype with common variable immunodeficiency(CVID)refered to a clinically heterogeneous collection of primary immunodeficiency disease(PID)primarily characterized as frequent susceptibility to infection and deficient immune response with marked reduction of antibody production such as IgG,IgA,and/or IgM.Thus,our study indicated a newly functionality of runx1 in proliferation,maturation and differentiation of B lymphocytes in adult zebrafish.