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The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of compound traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine powder (TCM)on serum lipid,fat deposition,egg cholesterol content,and related gene expression.135 healthy layers aged 300 days were randomly assigned to 3 groups.Control group layers were fed with a basal diet,the layers in experimental group Ⅰ , Ⅱ were fed with the basal diet containing 1% TCM Ⅰ and 1% TCM Ⅱ respectively over a period of 60 days.The indexes relevant to fat metabolism in serum and liver,laying performance were investigated.The results showed that serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)levels with TCM Ⅰ and TCM Ⅱ treatments decreased (P<0.05) ,serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)levels elevated (P<0.05) ,compared with the control group.Abdominal fat percentage decreased in TCM Ⅰ treatment (P<0.05), and hepatic fat percentage decreased in both TCM treatments (P<0.05).The expression of ApolipoproteinA-Ⅰ (apoA-Ⅰ)and apolipoproteinB100 (apoB100)mRNA in liver increased in both TCM treatments (P<0.05).Average daily feed intake and average egg weight were not different among three groups.Average daily laying rate with both TCM treatments increased,but egg cholesterol content decreased, compared with the control group (P<0.05).The study suggested that dietary supplementation with TCM could be used to prevent fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome and reduce egg cholesterol content in laying hens by reducing the levels of serum lipid and fat deposition,along with the expression of apoA-Ⅰ and apoB100 mRNA in liver increasing.