论文部分内容阅读
Nutrient Management Planning is designed to match nutrient inputs (particularly of N, P and K) from both manufactured fertilisers and organic manures to the demand of the crop, so that yields are optimised from a minimum amount of nutrient, with minimum losses to the environment.However, the way that this is implemented across the world can vary because of differences in cropping systems, intensity of production and climate.Nutrient Management Planning in Europe is driven by strict environmental legislation designed to protect the quality of surface waters and groundwater.This paper outlines relevant aspects of this legislation and describes how the Nutrient Management Planning approach currently used in Europe addresses these issues.An outline of the field-based Nutrient Management method adopted by the UK is given by way of illustration.Although the methods described apply to all arable crops, there are additional rules for leafy vegetables (particularly those for the ready-to-eat market) which severely restrict the types of organic manure that can be applied in order to avoid potential risks to human health.The impacts of these measures on fertiliser use in the arable and vegetable crop sectors are discussed.The current methods for Nutrient Management Planning are largely based on the use of conventional applications of N, P and K fertilisers applied (normally as broadcast dressings) using technology widely used by the farming industry today.However, there are opportunities for using alternative fertiliser application techniques particularly on row crops (including leafy vegetables), and examples of how these can improve nutrient use efficiency are described.Finally the potential for growing new more nutrient-efficient varieties of leafy vegetable crops is examined using examples from the literature.