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The fingerprint spectrums of chishao (radix paeoniae rubra) in different locations are established and the contents of 6 main chemical components in chishao are determined by RP-HPLC.The contents of some main components in chishao what is used as place medication in some place are low.There are evident correlations among the chromatographic peak areas of some chemical components, which indicate the correlation among their metabolism.It is approved by path analysis of circumstance and the chromatographic peak areas of some chemical components in the spectrums that there are evident correlations between rainfall, average air temperature,accumulated temperature and some peak areas in the spectrum such as gallic acid.Rainfall,average air temperature and accumulated temperature affect the contents of gallic acid evidently also.Chishao in all locations can be classified well with the similarities of fingerprint spectrums and clustering analysis with the peak areas in the spectrum.The results of similarities of fingerprint spectrums and clustering analysis can be used in identification, classifying and quality evaluating of chishao.