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震后灾区重建工作中,桥梁等关键基础设施应迅速修复或重建,以满足灾区交通需求。施工过程中,桥梁整体结构体系尚未形成,且短期内余震频发,将严重威胁着结构安全。通过余震序列早期阶段的统计结果,回归出余震发生概率模型,基于概率的地震危险性分析理论(PSHA),提出了桥梁施工过程中易损性指标与考虑施工过程的易损性模型。以汶川地震为例,对一座山区高墩施工整个过程的易损性展开分析,结果表明:余震地区桥梁施工易产生开裂损伤破坏,影响结构耐久性,有必要对强震过后灾区桥梁施工阶段的地震损害风险做专门的评估。
In the post-earthquake reconstruction work, key infrastructure such as bridges should be promptly restored or reconstructed to meet the traffic demand in the affected areas. During the construction process, the overall structural system of the bridge has not yet been formed, and frequent aftershocks in the short term will seriously threaten the structural safety. According to the statistical analysis of early aftershock sequence, the probabilistic model of aftershock is derived. Based on the PSHA theory, a vulnerability index of the bridge during construction and a vulnerability model considering the construction process are proposed. Taking Wenchuan earthquake as an example, the vulnerability of a high piers construction in a mountainous area was analyzed. The results show that the bridge construction in the aftershock area is prone to damage by cracking, which will affect the durability of the structure. Earthquake damage risk to make a special assessment.