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AIM To evaluate the anti-arthritis effects of HGT-5A, a polysaccharide part form Periploca forrestii Schlechter (HGT) and to explore its possible active components.METHODS Type I collagen-induced arthritis model in DBA/1 mice was used to assess the effect of HGT-5A.Cytokine levels were detected with luminex assay.To assess the anti-proliferation activity, the splenocytes from BALB/c mice were co-cultured with HGT-5A 50-500 mg·L-1 or its polysaccharide ingredients 0.5-50 mg-L-1 for 72 h, then cell proliferation was measured by [3H]TdR uptake assay.In addition, splenocyte survival was detected with MTI assay.RESULTS HTG-5A significantly inhibited type Ⅱ collagen-induced arthritis swelling at 100-200 mg· kg-1 (ig) and ameliorate arthritis clinical scores.HGT-5A enhanced the primary proliferation of splenocytes, but significantly suppressed concanavalin A (Con A) stimulated lymphocyte proliferation in vitro (P <0.05).Splenocytes co-cultured with HGT-5A 50-500 mg·L-1 for 24, 48 and 72 h manifested little effect on splenocyte survival.The neutral and acid polysaccharide parts HP1 and HP2 from HGT-5A, the polysaccharides HP1-3 from HP1, and HP2-3, HP2-4 from HP2 enhanced the primary splenocyte proliferaction.HP2, HP1-3, HP1-4,HP2-2 and HP2-4 obviously inhibited the Con A induced T cell proliferation.CONCLUSION HGT-5A possessed definite antiarthritis activity.Its ingredients HP1-3, HP1-4, HP2-2 and HF2-4 may contribute partly to the immunosuppression activity of HGT-5A.