Naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) wastes from oil exploration

• 作 者: SheldonLandsberger[1]C.Lu[1]D.Tamalis[2]J.Louis-Jean[2]G.Dort[2]T.Dudley[2]GrahamGeorge[3]DimitriTamalis[2]S.Landsbergera[1]S.G.Landsberger[3]G.George[3]G.Kuzmin[1]D.Millsap[1]K.Dayman[1]
• 机 构: University of Texas at Austin,Nuclear Engineering Teaching Lab,Austin,Texas,USA
• 出 处: 第七届国际天然放射性物质研讨会
• 发表日期: 2013年期

　　NORM composes the majority of the dose received by a person each year at approximately 80% of the total dose.However,there is a noticeably higher concentration of radioisotopes present in technologically enhanced NORM,called TENORM,which results directly from human industrial activities.TENORM is formed in the process of mineral mining including phosphate production,where the end goal is to concentrate high quantities of metals or elements (e.g.phosphorous).However,TENORM has also become a widely recognized problem in the oil and gas industry.Enviroklean Product Development,Inc.,the Nuclear Engineering Teaching Lab and Florida Memorial University have been involved in the clean up and identification of NORM wastes in the west Texas.An overview of the restoration activities and characterization and technical challenges of properly evaluating the activities of the NORM wastes will be given.