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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD,OMIM 143465)is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children and adults,affecting approximately 3-5% of the population.ADHD is characterized clinically by hyperactivity,inattention and impulsivity,which significantly impair normal development of academic and social functions in children,and lead to secondary problems such as delinquency and drug addiction in adults.Recent genome-wide associative analyses of ADHD patients suggest that ADHD is polygenic and particularly implicate genes involved in the endogenous circadian clock as risk factors for ADHD.